minetest/src/util/serialize.cpp

/*
Minetest
Copyright (C) 2010-2013 celeron55, Perttu Ahola <celeron55@gmail.com>

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
(at your option) any later version.

This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along
with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
*/

#include "serialize.h"
#include "pointer.h"
#include "porting.h"
#include "util/string.h"
#include "../exceptions.h"
#include "../irrlichttypes.h"

#include <inttypes.h>  // For PRIxN, cinttypes is C++11-only
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <vector>

// Creates a string with the length as the first two bytes
std::string serializeString(const std::string &plain)
{
	//assert(plain.size() <= 65535);
	if(plain.size() > 65535)
		throw SerializationError("String too long for serializeString");
	char buf[2];
	writeU16((u8*)&buf[0], plain.size());
	std::string s;
	s.append(buf, 2);
	s.append(plain);
	return s;
}

// Creates a string with the length as the first two bytes from wide string
std::string serializeWideString(const std::wstring &plain)
{
	//assert(plain.size() <= 65535);
	if(plain.size() > 65535)
		throw SerializationError("String too long for serializeString");
	char buf[2];
	writeU16((u8*)buf, plain.size());
	std::string s;
	s.append(buf, 2);
	for(u32 i=0; i<plain.size(); i++)
	{
		writeU16((u8*)buf, plain[i]);
		s.append(buf, 2);
	}
	return s;
}

// Reads a string with the length as the first two bytes
std::string deSerializeString(std::istream &is)
{
	char buf[2];
	is.read(buf, 2);
	if(is.gcount() != 2)
		throw SerializationError("deSerializeString: size not read");
	u16 s_size = readU16((u8*)buf);
	if(s_size == 0)
		return "";
	Buffer<char> buf2(s_size);
	is.read(&buf2[0], s_size);
	std::string s;
	s.reserve(s_size);
	s.append(&buf2[0], s_size);
	return s;
}

// Reads a wide string with the length as the first two bytes
std::wstring deSerializeWideString(std::istream &is)
{
	char buf[2];
	is.read(buf, 2);
	if(is.gcount() != 2)
		throw SerializationError("deSerializeString: size not read");
	u16 s_size = readU16((u8*)buf);
	if(s_size == 0)
		return L"";
	std::wstring s;
	s.reserve(s_size);
	for(u32 i=0; i<s_size; i++)
	{
		is.read(&buf[0], 2);
		wchar_t c16 = readU16((u8*)buf);
		s.append(&c16, 1);
	}
	return s;
}

// Creates a string with the length as the first four bytes
std::string serializeLongString(const std::string &plain)
{
	char buf[4];
	writeU32((u8*)&buf[0], plain.size());
	std::string s;
	s.append(buf, 4);
	s.append(plain);
	return s;
}

// Reads a string with the length as the first four bytes
std::string deSerializeLongString(std::istream &is)
{
	char buf[4];
	is.read(buf, 4);
	if(is.gcount() != 4)
		throw SerializationError("deSerializeLongString: size not read");
	u32 s_size = readU32((u8*)buf);
	if(s_size == 0)
		return "";
	Buffer<char> buf2(s_size);
	is.read(&buf2[0], s_size);
	std::string s;
	s.reserve(s_size);
	s.append(&buf2[0], s_size);
	return s;
}

// Creates a string encoded in JSON format (almost equivalent to a C string literal)
std::string serializeJsonString(const std::string &plain)
{
	std::ostringstream os(std::ios::binary);
	os<<"\"";
	for(size_t i = 0; i < plain.size(); i++)
	{
		char c = plain[i];
		switch(c)
		{
			case '"': os<<"\\\""; break;
			case '\\': os<<"\\\\"; break;
			case '/': os<<"\\/"; break;
			case '\b': os<<"\\b"; break;
			case '\f': os<<"\\f"; break;
			case '\n': os<<"\\n"; break;
			case '\r': os<<"\\r"; break;
			case '\t': os<<"\\t"; break;
			default:
			{
				if(c >= 32 && c <= 126)
				{
					os<<c;
				}
				else
				{
					u32 cnum = (u32) (u8) c;
					os<<"\\u"<<std::hex<<std::setw(4)<<std::setfill('0')<<cnum;
				}
				break;
			}
		}
	}
	os<<"\"";
	return os.str();
}

// Reads a string encoded in JSON format
std::string deSerializeJsonString(std::istream &is)
{
	std::ostringstream os(std::ios::binary);
	char c, c2;

	// Parse initial doublequote
	is >> c;
	if(c != '"')
		throw SerializationError("JSON string must start with doublequote");

	// Parse characters
	for(;;)
	{
		c = is.get();
		if(is.eof())
			throw SerializationError("JSON string ended prematurely");
		if(c == '"')
		{
			return os.str();
		}
		else if(c == '\\')
		{
			c2 = is.get();
			if(is.eof())
				throw SerializationError("JSON string ended prematurely");
			switch(c2)
			{
				default:  os<<c2; break;
				case 'b': os<<'\b'; break;
				case 'f': os<<'\f'; break;
				case 'n': os<<'\n'; break;
				case 'r': os<<'\r'; break;
				case 't': os<<'\t'; break;
				case 'u':
				{
					char hexdigits[4+1];
					is.read(hexdigits, 4);
					if(is.eof())
						throw SerializationError("JSON string ended prematurely");
					hexdigits[4] = 0;
					std::istringstream tmp_is(hexdigits, std::ios::binary);
					int hexnumber;
					tmp_is >> std::hex >> hexnumber;
					os<<((char)hexnumber);
					break;
				}
			}
		}
		else
		{
			os<<c;
		}
	}
	return os.str();
}


bool deSerializeStringToStruct(std::string valstr,
	std::string format, void *out, size_t olen)
{
	size_t len = olen;
	std::vector<std::string *> strs_alloced;
	std::string *str;
	char *f, *snext;
	size_t pos;

	char *s = &valstr[0];
	char *buf = new char[len];
	char *bufpos = buf;

	char *fmtpos, *fmt = &format[0];
	while ((f = strtok_r(fmt, ",", &fmtpos)) && s) {
		fmt = NULL;

		bool is_unsigned = false;
		int width = 0;
		char valtype = *f;

		width = (int)strtol(f + 1, &f, 10);
		if (width && valtype == 's')
			valtype = 'i';

		switch (valtype) {
			case 'u':
				is_unsigned = true;
				/* FALLTHROUGH */
			case 'i':
				if (width == 16) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, u16);
					if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(u16) <= len) {
						if (is_unsigned)
							*(u16 *)bufpos = (u16)strtoul(s, &s, 10);
						else
							*(s16 *)bufpos = (s16)strtol(s, &s, 10);
					}
					bufpos += sizeof(u16);
				} else if (width == 32) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, u32);
					if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(u32) <= len) {
						if (is_unsigned)
							*(u32 *)bufpos = (u32)strtoul(s, &s, 10);
						else
							*(s32 *)bufpos = (s32)strtol(s, &s, 10);
					}
					bufpos += sizeof(u32);
				} else if (width == 64) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, u64);
					if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(u64) <= len) {
						if (is_unsigned)
							*(u64 *)bufpos = (u64)strtoull(s, &s, 10);
						else
							*(s64 *)bufpos = (s64)strtoll(s, &s, 10);
					}
					bufpos += sizeof(u64);
				}
				s = strchr(s, ',');
				break;
			case 'b':
				snext = strchr(s, ',');
				if (snext)
					*snext++ = 0;

				bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, bool);
				if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(bool) <= len)
					*(bool *)bufpos = is_yes(std::string(s));
				bufpos += sizeof(bool);

				s = snext;
				break;
			case 'f':
				bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, float);
				if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(float) <= len)
					*(float *)bufpos = strtof(s, &s);
				bufpos += sizeof(float);

				s = strchr(s, ',');
				break;
			case 's':
				while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
					s++;
				if (*s++ != '"') //error, expected string
					goto fail;
				snext = s;

				while (snext[0] && !(snext[-1] != '\\' && snext[0] == '"'))
					snext++;
				*snext++ = 0;

				bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, std::string *);

				str = new std::string(s);
				pos = 0;
				while ((pos = str->find("\\\"", pos)) != std::string::npos)
					str->erase(pos, 1);

				if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(std::string *) <= len)
					*(std::string **)bufpos = str;
				bufpos += sizeof(std::string *);
				strs_alloced.push_back(str);

				s = *snext ? snext + 1 : NULL;
				break;
			case 'v':
				while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t')
					s++;
				if (*s++ != '(') //error, expected vector
					goto fail;

				if (width == 2) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, v2f);

					if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(v2f) <= len) {
					v2f *v = (v2f *)bufpos;
						v->X = strtof(s, &s);
						s++;
						v->Y = strtof(s, &s);
					}

					bufpos += sizeof(v2f);
				} else if (width == 3) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, v3f);
					if ((bufpos - buf) + sizeof(v3f) <= len) {
						v3f *v = (v3f *)bufpos;
						v->X = strtof(s, &s);
						s++;
						v->Y = strtof(s, &s);
						s++;
						v->Z = strtof(s, &s);
					}

					bufpos += sizeof(v3f);
				}
				s = strchr(s, ',');
				break;
			default: //error, invalid format specifier
				goto fail;
		}

		if (s && *s == ',')
			s++;

		if ((size_t)(bufpos - buf) > len) //error, buffer too small
			goto fail;
	}

	if (f && *f) { //error, mismatched number of fields and values
fail:
		for (size_t i = 0; i != strs_alloced.size(); i++)
			delete strs_alloced[i];
		delete[] buf;
		return false;
	}

	memcpy(out, buf, olen);
	delete[] buf;
	return true;
}


bool serializeStructToString(std::string *outstr,
	std::string format, void *value)
{
	char sbuf[2048];
	int sbuflen = sizeof(sbuf) - 1;
	sbuf[sbuflen] = 0;
	std::string str;
	int pos = 0;
	size_t fpos;
	char *f;

	char *bufpos = (char *)value;
	char *fmtpos, *fmt = &format[0];
	while ((f = strtok_r(fmt, ",", &fmtpos))) {
		fmt = NULL;
		bool is_unsigned = false;
		int width = 0, nprinted = 0;
		char valtype = *f;

		width = (int)strtol(f + 1, &f, 10);
		if (width && valtype == 's')
			valtype = 'i';

		switch (valtype) {
			case 'u':
				is_unsigned = true;
				/* FALLTHROUGH */
			case 'i':
				if (width == 16) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, u16);
					nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen,
								is_unsigned ? "%" PRIu16 ", " : "%" PRIi16 ", ",
								*((u16 *)bufpos));
					bufpos += sizeof(u16);
				} else if (width == 32) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, u32);
					nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen,
								is_unsigned ? "%" PRIu32 ", " : "%" PRIi32 ", ",
								*((u32 *)bufpos));
					bufpos += sizeof(u32);
				} else if (width == 64) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, u64);
					nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen,
								is_unsigned ? "%" PRIu64 ", " : "%" PRIi64 ", ",
								*((u64 *)bufpos));
					bufpos += sizeof(u64);
				}
				break;
			case 'b':
				bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, bool);
				nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen, "%s, ",
									*((bool *)bufpos) ? "true" : "false");
				bufpos += sizeof(bool);
				break;
			case 'f':
				bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, float);
				nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen, "%f, ",
									*((float *)bufpos));
				bufpos += sizeof(float);
				break;
			case 's':
				bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, std::string *);
				str = **((std::string **)bufpos);

				fpos = 0;
				while ((fpos = str.find('"', fpos)) != std::string::npos) {
					str.insert(fpos, 1, '\\');
					fpos += 2;
				}

				nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen, "\"%s\", ",
									(*((std::string **)bufpos))->c_str());
				bufpos += sizeof(std::string *);
				break;
			case 'v':
				if (width == 2) {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, v2f);
					v2f *v = (v2f *)bufpos;
					nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen,
										"(%f, %f), ", v->X, v->Y);
					bufpos += sizeof(v2f);
				} else {
					bufpos += PADDING(bufpos, v3f);
					v3f *v = (v3f *)bufpos;
					nprinted = snprintf(sbuf + pos, sbuflen,
										"(%f, %f, %f), ", v->X, v->Y, v->Z);
					bufpos += sizeof(v3f);
				}
				break;
			default:
				return false;
		}
		if (nprinted < 0) //error, buffer too small
			return false;
		pos     += nprinted;
		sbuflen -= nprinted;
	}

	// this is to trim off the trailing comma
	if (pos >= 2)
		sbuf[pos - 2] = 0;

	*outstr = sbuf;

	return true;
}