mirror of
https://github.com/minetest/minetest.git
synced 2024-11-04 14:53:45 +01:00
964 lines
34 KiB
Plaintext
964 lines
34 KiB
Plaintext
Minetest Lua Modding API Reference 0.4.dev
|
|
==========================================
|
|
More information at http://c55.me/minetest/
|
|
|
|
Introduction
|
|
-------------
|
|
Content and functionality can be added to Minetest 0.4 by using Lua
|
|
scripting in run-time loaded mods.
|
|
|
|
A mod is a self-contained bunch of scripts, textures and other related
|
|
things that is loaded by and interfaces with Minetest.
|
|
|
|
Mods are contained and ran solely on the server side. Definitions and media
|
|
files are automatically transferred to the client.
|
|
|
|
If you see a deficiency in the API, feel free to attempt to add the
|
|
functionality in the engine and API. You can send such improvements as
|
|
source code patches to <celeron55@gmail.com>.
|
|
|
|
Programming in Lua
|
|
-------------------
|
|
If you have any difficulty in understanding this, please read:
|
|
http://www.lua.org/pil/
|
|
|
|
Startup
|
|
--------
|
|
Mods are loaded during server startup from the mod load paths by running
|
|
the init.lua scripts.
|
|
|
|
Mod load path
|
|
-------------
|
|
Generic:
|
|
$path_share/games/gameid/mods/
|
|
$path_share/mods/gameid/
|
|
$path_user/games/gameid/mods/
|
|
$path_user/mods/gameid/ <-- User-installed mods
|
|
$worldpath/worldmods/
|
|
|
|
In a run-in-place version (eg. the distributed windows version):
|
|
minetest-0.4.x/games/gameid/mods/
|
|
minetest-0.4.x/mods/gameid/ <-- User-installed mods
|
|
minetest-0.4.x/worlds/worldname/worldmods/
|
|
|
|
On an installed version on linux:
|
|
/usr/share/minetest/games/gameid/mods/
|
|
~/.minetest/mods/gameid/ <-- User-installed mods
|
|
~/.minetest/worlds/worldname/worldmods
|
|
|
|
Mod directory structure
|
|
------------------------
|
|
mods
|
|
|-- modname
|
|
| |-- depends.txt
|
|
| |-- init.lua
|
|
| |-- textures
|
|
| | |-- modname_stuff.png
|
|
| | `-- modname_something_else.png
|
|
| |-- sounds
|
|
| |-- media
|
|
| `-- <custom data>
|
|
`-- another
|
|
|
|
modname:
|
|
The location of this directory can be fetched by using
|
|
minetest.get_modpath(modname)
|
|
|
|
depends.txt:
|
|
List of mods that have to be loaded before loading this mod.
|
|
A single line contains a single modname.
|
|
|
|
init.lua:
|
|
The main Lua script. Running this script should register everything it
|
|
wants to register. Subsequent execution depends on minetest calling the
|
|
registered callbacks.
|
|
|
|
minetest.setting_get(name) and minetest.setting_getbool(name) can be used
|
|
to read custom or existing settings at load time, if necessary.
|
|
|
|
textures, sounds, media:
|
|
Media files (textures, sounds, whatever) that will be transferred to the
|
|
client and will be available for use by the mod.
|
|
|
|
Naming convention for registered textual names
|
|
----------------------------------------------
|
|
Registered names should generally be in this format:
|
|
"modname:<whatever>" (<whatever> can have characters a-zA-Z0-9_)
|
|
|
|
This is to prevent conflicting names from corrupting maps and is
|
|
enforced by the mod loader.
|
|
|
|
Example: mod "experimental", ideal item/node/entity name "tnt":
|
|
-> the name should be "experimental:tnt".
|
|
|
|
Enforcement can be overridden by prefixing the name with ":". This can
|
|
be used for overriding the registrations of some other mod.
|
|
|
|
Example: Any mod can redefine experimental:tnt by using the name
|
|
":experimental:tnt" when registering it.
|
|
(also that mod is required to have "experimental" as a dependency)
|
|
|
|
The ":" prefix can also be used for maintaining backwards compatibility.
|
|
|
|
Aliases
|
|
-------
|
|
Aliases can be added by using minetest.register_alias(name, convert_to)
|
|
|
|
This will make Minetest to convert things called name to things called
|
|
convert_to.
|
|
|
|
This can be used for maintaining backwards compatibility.
|
|
|
|
This can be also used for setting quick access names for things, eg. if
|
|
you have an item called epiclylongmodname:stuff, you could do
|
|
minetest.register_alias("stuff", "epiclylongmodname:stuff")
|
|
and be able to use "/giveme stuff".
|
|
|
|
Textures
|
|
--------
|
|
Mods should generally prefix their textures with modname_, eg. given
|
|
the mod name "foomod", a texture could be called
|
|
"foomod_foothing.png"
|
|
|
|
Textures are referred to by their complete name, or alternatively by
|
|
stripping out the file extension:
|
|
eg. foomod_foothing.png
|
|
eg. foomod_foothing
|
|
|
|
Sounds
|
|
-------
|
|
Only OGG files are supported.
|
|
|
|
For positional playing of sounds, only single-channel (mono) files are
|
|
supported. Otherwise OpenAL will play them non-positionally.
|
|
|
|
Mods should generally prefix their sounds with modname_, eg. given
|
|
the mod name "foomod", a sound could be called
|
|
"foomod_foosound.ogg"
|
|
|
|
Sounds are referred to by their name with a dot, a single digit and the
|
|
file extension stripped out. When a sound is played, the actual sound file
|
|
is chosen randomly from the matching sounds.
|
|
|
|
When playing the sound "foomod_foosound", the sound is chosen randomly
|
|
from the available ones of the following files:
|
|
foomod_foosound.ogg
|
|
foomod_foosound.0.ogg
|
|
foomod_foosound.1.ogg
|
|
...
|
|
foomod_foosound.9.ogg
|
|
|
|
Examples of sound parameter tables:
|
|
-- Play locationless on all clients
|
|
{
|
|
gain = 1.0, -- default
|
|
}
|
|
-- Play locationless to a player
|
|
{
|
|
to_player = name,
|
|
gain = 1.0, -- default
|
|
}
|
|
-- Play in a location
|
|
{
|
|
pos = {x=1,y=2,z=3},
|
|
gain = 1.0, -- default
|
|
max_hear_distance = 32, -- default
|
|
}
|
|
-- Play connected to an object, looped
|
|
{
|
|
object = <an ObjectRef>,
|
|
gain = 1.0, -- default
|
|
max_hear_distance = 32, -- default
|
|
loop = true, -- only sounds connected to objects can be looped
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Representations of simple things
|
|
--------------------------------
|
|
MapNode representation:
|
|
{name="name", param1=num, param2=num}
|
|
|
|
MapNodes do not directly have any other data associated with them.
|
|
If you want to access the definition of the node, you access
|
|
minetest.registered_nodes[node.name]
|
|
|
|
param1 and param2 are 8 bit and 4 bit integers, respectively. They
|
|
are reserved for certain automated functions. If you don't use these
|
|
functions, you can use them to store arbitrary values.
|
|
|
|
param1 is reserved for the engine when:
|
|
paramtype != "none"
|
|
param2 is reserved for the engine when any of these are used:
|
|
liquidtype == "flowing"
|
|
drawtype == "flowingliquid"
|
|
drawtype == "torchlike"
|
|
drawtype == "signlike"
|
|
|
|
Position/vector:
|
|
{x=num, y=num, z=num}
|
|
Currently the API does not provide any helper functions for addition,
|
|
subtraction and whatever; you can define those that you need yourself.
|
|
|
|
stackstring/itemstring: A stack of items in serialized format.
|
|
eg. 'default:dirt 5'
|
|
eg. 'default:pick_wood 21323'
|
|
eg. 'default:apple'
|
|
|
|
item: A stack of items in Lua table format.
|
|
eg. {name="default:dirt", count=5, wear=0, metadata=""}
|
|
^ 5 dirt nodes
|
|
eg. {name="default:pick_wood", count=1, wear=21323, metadata=""}
|
|
^ a wooden pick about 1/3 weared out
|
|
eg. {name="default:apple", count=1, wear=0, metadata=""}
|
|
^ an apple.
|
|
|
|
Any time an item must be passed to a function, it can be an
|
|
ItemStack (see below), an itemstring or a table in the above format.
|
|
|
|
SimpleSoundSpec:
|
|
eg. ""
|
|
eg. "default_place_node"
|
|
eg. {}
|
|
eg. {name="default_place_node"}
|
|
eg. {name="default_place_node", gain=1.0}
|
|
|
|
Items
|
|
------
|
|
Node (register_node):
|
|
A node from the world
|
|
Tool (register_tool):
|
|
A tool/weapon that can dig and damage things according to tool_capabilities
|
|
Craftitem (register_craftitem):
|
|
A miscellaneous item
|
|
|
|
Groups
|
|
-------
|
|
In a number of places, there is a group table. Groups define the
|
|
properties of a thing (item, node, armor of entity, capabilities of
|
|
tool) in such a way that the engine and other mods can can interact with
|
|
the thing without actually knowing what the thing is.
|
|
|
|
Usage:
|
|
- Groups are stored in a table, having the group names with keys and the
|
|
group ratings as values. For example:
|
|
groups = {crumbly=3, soil=1}
|
|
^ Default dirt (soil group actually currently not defined; TODO)
|
|
groups = {crumbly=2, soil=1, level=2, outerspace=1}
|
|
^ A more special dirt-kind of thing
|
|
- Groups always have a rating associated with them. If there is no
|
|
useful meaning for a rating for an enabled group, it shall be 1.
|
|
- When not defined, the rating of a group defaults to 0. Thus when you
|
|
read groups, you must interpret nil and 0 as the same value, 0.
|
|
|
|
Groups of items
|
|
----------------
|
|
Groups of items can define what kind of an item it is (eg. wool).
|
|
|
|
Groups of nodes
|
|
----------------
|
|
In addition to the general item things, groups are used to define whether
|
|
a node is destroyable and how long it takes to destroy by a tool.
|
|
|
|
Groups of entities
|
|
-------------------
|
|
For entities, groups are, as of now, used only for calculating damage.
|
|
|
|
object.get_armor_groups() -> a group-rating table (eg. {fleshy=3})
|
|
object.set_armor_groups({level=2, fleshy=2, cracky=2})
|
|
|
|
Groups of tools
|
|
----------------
|
|
Groups in tools define which groups of nodes and entities they are
|
|
effective towards.
|
|
|
|
Groups in crafting recipes
|
|
---------------------------
|
|
- Not implemented yet. (TODO)
|
|
- Will probably look like this:
|
|
{
|
|
output = 'food:meat_soup_raw',
|
|
recipe = {
|
|
{'group:meat'},
|
|
{'group:water'},
|
|
{'group:bowl'},
|
|
},
|
|
preserve = {'group:bowl'},
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Special groups
|
|
---------------
|
|
- immortal: Disables the group damage system for an entity
|
|
- level: Can be used to give an additional sense of progression in the game.
|
|
- A larger level will cause eg. a weapon of a lower level make much less
|
|
damage, and get weared out much faster, or not be able to get drops
|
|
from destroyed nodes.
|
|
- 0 is something that is directly accessible at the start of gameplay
|
|
- There is no upper limit
|
|
- dig_immediate: (player can always pick up node without tool wear)
|
|
- 2: node is removed without tool wear after 0.5 seconds or so
|
|
(rail, sign)
|
|
- 3: node is removed without tool wear immediately (torch)
|
|
|
|
Known damage and digging time defining groups
|
|
----------------------------------------------
|
|
Valid ratings for these are 0, 1, 2 and 3, unless otherwise stated.
|
|
- crumbly: dirt, sand
|
|
- cracky: tough but crackable stuff like stone.
|
|
- snappy: something that can be cut using fine tools; eg. leaves, small
|
|
plants, wire, sheets of metal
|
|
- choppy: something that can be cut using force; eg. trees, wooden planks
|
|
- fleshy: Living things like animals and the player. This could imply
|
|
some blood effects when hitting.
|
|
- explody: Especially prone to explosions
|
|
- oddly_breakable_by_hand:
|
|
Can be added to nodes that shouldn't logically be breakable by the
|
|
hand but are. Somewhat similar to dig_immediate, but times are more
|
|
like {[1]=3.50,[2]=2.00,[3]=0.70} and this does not override the
|
|
speed of a tool if the tool can dig at a larger speed than this
|
|
suggests for the hand.
|
|
|
|
Examples of custom groups
|
|
--------------------------
|
|
Item groups are often used for defining, well, //groups of items//.
|
|
- meat: any meat-kind of a thing (rating might define the size or healing
|
|
ability or be irrelevant - it is not defined as of yet)
|
|
- eatable: anything that can be eaten. Rating might define HP gain in half
|
|
hearts.
|
|
- flammable: can be set on fire. Rating might define the intensity of the
|
|
fire, affecting eg. the speed of the spreading of an open fire.
|
|
- wool: any wool (any origin, any color)
|
|
- metal: any metal
|
|
- weapon: any weapon
|
|
- heavy: anything considerably heavy
|
|
|
|
Digging time calculation specifics
|
|
-----------------------------------
|
|
Groups such as **crumbly**, **cracky** and **snappy** are used for this
|
|
purpose. Rating is 1, 2 or 3. A higher rating for such a group implies
|
|
faster digging time.
|
|
|
|
The **level** group is used to limit the toughness of nodes a tool can dig
|
|
and to scale the digging times / damage to a greater extent.
|
|
|
|
^ PLEASE DO UNDERSTAND THIS, otherwise you cannot use the system to it's
|
|
full potential.
|
|
|
|
Tools define their properties by a list of parameters for groups. They
|
|
cannot dig other groups; thus it is important to use a standard bunch of
|
|
groups to enable interaction with tools.
|
|
|
|
**Tools define:**
|
|
* Full punch interval
|
|
* Maximum drop level
|
|
* For an arbitrary list of groups:
|
|
* Uses (until the tool breaks)
|
|
* Maximum level (usually 0, 1, 2 or 3)
|
|
* Digging times
|
|
|
|
**Full punch interval**:
|
|
When used as a weapon, the tool will do full damage if this time is spent
|
|
between punches. If eg. half the time is spent, the tool will do half
|
|
damage.
|
|
|
|
**Maximum drop level**
|
|
Suggests the maximum level of node, when dug with the tool, that will drop
|
|
it's useful item. (eg. iron ore to drop a lump of iron).
|
|
- This is not automated; it is the responsibility of the node definition
|
|
to implement this
|
|
|
|
**Uses**
|
|
Determines how many uses the tool has when it is used for digging a node,
|
|
of this group, of the maximum level. For lower leveled nodes, the use count
|
|
is multiplied by 3^leveldiff.
|
|
- uses=10, leveldiff=0 -> actual_uses=10
|
|
- uses=10, leveldiff=1 -> actual_uses=30
|
|
- uses=10, leveldiff=2 -> actual_uses=90
|
|
|
|
**Maximum level**
|
|
Tells what is the maximum level of a node of this group that the tool will
|
|
be able to dig.
|
|
|
|
**Digging times**
|
|
List of digging times for different ratings of the group, for nodes of the
|
|
maximum level.
|
|
* For example, as a lua table, ''times={2=2.00, 3=0.70}''. This would
|
|
result the tool to be able to dig nodes that have a rating of 2 or 3
|
|
for this group, and unable to dig the rating 1, which is the toughest.
|
|
Unless there is a matching group that enables digging otherwise.
|
|
* For entities, damage equals the amount of nodes dug in the time spent
|
|
between hits, with a maximum time of ''full_punch_interval''.
|
|
|
|
Example definition of the capabilities of a tool
|
|
-------------------------------------------------
|
|
tool_capabilities = {
|
|
full_punch_interval=1.5,
|
|
max_drop_level=1,
|
|
groupcaps={
|
|
crumbly={maxlevel=2, uses=20, times={[1]=1.60, [2]=1.20, [3]=0.80}}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
This makes the tool be able to dig nodes that fullfill both of these:
|
|
- Have the **crumbly** group
|
|
- Have a **level** group less or equal to 2
|
|
|
|
Table of resulting digging times:
|
|
crumbly 0 1 2 3 4 <- level
|
|
-> 0 - - - - -
|
|
1 0.80 1.60 1.60 - -
|
|
2 0.60 1.20 1.20 - -
|
|
3 0.40 0.80 0.80 - -
|
|
|
|
level diff: 2 1 0 -1 -2
|
|
|
|
Table of resulting tool uses:
|
|
-> 0 - - - - -
|
|
1 180 60 20 - -
|
|
2 180 60 20 - -
|
|
3 180 60 20 - -
|
|
|
|
Notes:
|
|
- At crumbly=0, the node is not diggable.
|
|
- At crumbly=3, the level difference digging time divider kicks in and makes
|
|
easy nodes to be quickly breakable.
|
|
- At level > 2, the node is not diggable, because it's level > maxlevel
|
|
|
|
Entity damage mechanism
|
|
------------------------
|
|
Damage calculation:
|
|
- Take the time spent after the last hit
|
|
- Limit time to full_punch_interval
|
|
- Take the damage groups, assume a node has them
|
|
- Damage in HP is the amount of nodes destroyed in this time.
|
|
|
|
Client predicts damage based on damage groups. Because of this, it is able to
|
|
give an immediate response when an entity is damaged or dies; the response is
|
|
pre-defined somehow (eg. by defining a sprite animation) (not implemented;
|
|
TODO).
|
|
- Currently a smoke puff will appear when an entity dies.
|
|
|
|
The group **immortal** will completely disable normal damage.
|
|
|
|
Entities can define a special armor group, which is **punch_operable**. This
|
|
group will disable the regular damage mechanism for players punching it by hand
|
|
or a non-tool item.
|
|
|
|
On the Lua side, every punch calls ''entity:on_punch(puncher,
|
|
time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, direction)''. This should never be
|
|
called directly, because damage is usually not handled by the entity itself.
|
|
* ''puncher'' is the object performing the punch. Can be nil. Should never be
|
|
accessed unless absolutely required.
|
|
* ''time_from_last_punch'' is time from last punch (by puncher) or nil.
|
|
* ''tool_capabilities'' can be nil.
|
|
* ''direction'' is a unit vector, pointing from the source of the punch to
|
|
the punched object.
|
|
|
|
To punch an entity/object in Lua, call ''object:punch(puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, direction)''.
|
|
* Return value is tool wear.
|
|
* Parameters are equal to the above callback.
|
|
* If ''direction'' is nil and ''puncher'' is not nil, ''direction'' will be
|
|
automatically filled in based on the location of ''puncher''.
|
|
|
|
Helper functions
|
|
-----------------
|
|
dump2(obj, name="_", dumped={})
|
|
^ Return object serialized as a string, handles reference loops
|
|
dump(obj, dumped={})
|
|
^ Return object serialized as a string
|
|
string:split(separator)
|
|
^ eg. string:split("a,b", ",") == {"a","b"}
|
|
string:trim()
|
|
^ eg. string.trim("\n \t\tfoo bar\t ") == "foo bar"
|
|
minetest.pos_to_string({x=X,y=Y,z=Z}) -> "(X,Y,Z)"
|
|
^ Convert position to a printable string
|
|
|
|
minetest namespace reference
|
|
-----------------------------
|
|
minetest.get_current_modname() -> string
|
|
minetest.get_modpath(modname) -> eg. "/home/user/.minetest/usermods/modname"
|
|
^ Useful for loading additional .lua modules or static data from mod
|
|
minetest.get_worldpath() -> eg. "/home/user/.minetest/world"
|
|
^ Useful for storing custom data
|
|
minetest.is_singleplayer()
|
|
|
|
minetest.debug(line)
|
|
^ Goes to dstream
|
|
minetest.log(line)
|
|
minetest.log(loglevel, line)
|
|
^ loglevel one of "error", "action", "info", "verbose"
|
|
|
|
Registration functions: (Call these only at load time)
|
|
minetest.register_entity(name, prototype table)
|
|
minetest.register_abm(abm definition)
|
|
minetest.register_node(name, node definition)
|
|
minetest.register_tool(name, item definition)
|
|
minetest.register_craftitem(name, item definition)
|
|
minetest.register_alias(name, convert_to)
|
|
minetest.register_craft(recipe)
|
|
minetest.register_globalstep(func(dtime))
|
|
minetest.register_on_placenode(func(pos, newnode, placer))
|
|
minetest.register_on_dignode(func(pos, oldnode, digger))
|
|
minetest.register_on_punchnode(func(pos, node, puncher))
|
|
minetest.register_on_generated(func(minp, maxp, blockseed))
|
|
minetest.register_on_newplayer(func(ObjectRef))
|
|
minetest.register_on_dieplayer(func(ObjectRef))
|
|
minetest.register_on_respawnplayer(func(ObjectRef))
|
|
^ return true in func to disable regular player placement
|
|
^ currently called _before_ repositioning of player occurs
|
|
minetest.register_on_chat_message(func(name, message))
|
|
minetest.register_chatcommand(cmd, chatcommand definition)
|
|
minetest.register_privilege(name, definition)
|
|
^ definition: "description text"
|
|
^ definition: {
|
|
description = "description text",
|
|
give_to_singleplayer = boolean, -- default: true
|
|
}
|
|
minetest.register_authentication_handler(handler)
|
|
^ See minetest.builtin_auth_handler in builtin.lua for reference
|
|
|
|
Setting-related:
|
|
minetest.setting_get(name) -> string or nil
|
|
minetest.setting_getbool(name) -> boolean value or nil
|
|
minetest.add_to_creative_inventory(itemstring)
|
|
|
|
Authentication:
|
|
minetest.notify_authentication_modified(name)
|
|
^ Should be called by the authentication handler if privileges change.
|
|
^ To report everybody, set name=nil.
|
|
minetest.get_password_hash(name, raw_password)
|
|
^ Convert a name-password pair to a password hash that minetest can use
|
|
minetest.string_to_privs(str) -> {priv1=true,...}
|
|
minetest.privs_to_string(privs) -> "priv1,priv2,..."
|
|
^ Convert between two privilege representations
|
|
minetest.set_player_password(name, password_hash)
|
|
minetest.set_player_privs(name, {priv1=true,...})
|
|
minetest.get_player_privs(name) -> {priv1=true,...}
|
|
minetest.auth_reload()
|
|
^ These call the authentication handler
|
|
minetest.check_player_privs(name, {priv1=true,...}) -> bool, missing_privs
|
|
^ A quickhand for checking privileges
|
|
|
|
Chat:
|
|
minetest.chat_send_all(text)
|
|
minetest.chat_send_player(name, text)
|
|
|
|
Inventory:
|
|
minetest.get_inventory(location) -> InvRef
|
|
^ location = eg. {type="player", name="celeron55"}
|
|
{type="node", pos={x=, y=, z=}}
|
|
|
|
Item handling:
|
|
minetest.inventorycube(img1, img2, img3)
|
|
^ Returns a string for making an image of a cube (useful as an item image)
|
|
minetest.get_pointed_thing_position(pointed_thing, above)
|
|
^ Get position of a pointed_thing (that you can get from somewhere)
|
|
minetest.dir_to_facedir(dir)
|
|
^ Convert a vector to a facedir value, used in param2 for paramtype2="facedir"
|
|
minetest.dir_to_wallmounted(dir)
|
|
^ Convert a vector to a wallmounted value, used for paramtype2="wallmounted"
|
|
minetest.get_node_drops(nodename, toolname)
|
|
^ Returns list of item names.
|
|
^ Note: This will be removed or modified in a future version.
|
|
|
|
Defaults for the on_* item definition functions:
|
|
(These return the leftover itemstack)
|
|
minetest.item_place_node(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing)
|
|
^ Place item as a node
|
|
minetest.item_place_object(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing)
|
|
^ Place item as-is
|
|
minetest.item_place(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing)
|
|
^ Use one of the above based on what the item is.
|
|
minetest.item_drop(itemstack, dropper, pos)
|
|
^ Drop the item
|
|
minetest.item_eat(hp_change, replace_with_item)
|
|
^ Eat the item. replace_with_item can be nil.
|
|
|
|
Defaults for the on_punch and on_dig node definition callbacks:
|
|
minetest.node_punch(pos, node, puncher)
|
|
^ Calls functions registered by minetest.register_on_punchnode()
|
|
minetest.node_dig(pos, node, digger)
|
|
^ Checks if node can be dug, puts item into inventory, removes node
|
|
^ Calls functions registered by minetest.registered_on_dignodes()
|
|
|
|
Sounds:
|
|
minetest.sound_play(spec, parameters) -> handle
|
|
^ spec = SimpleSoundSpec
|
|
^ parameters = sound parameter table
|
|
minetest.sound_stop(handle)
|
|
|
|
Timing:
|
|
minetest.after(time, func, param)
|
|
^ Call function after time seconds
|
|
^ param is optional; to pass multiple parameters, pass a table.
|
|
|
|
Random:
|
|
minetest.get_connected_players() -> list of ObjectRefs
|
|
minetest.hash_node_position({x=,y=,z=}) -> 48-bit integer
|
|
^ Gives a unique hash number for a node position (16+16+16=48bit)
|
|
|
|
Global objects:
|
|
minetest.env - environment reference
|
|
|
|
Global tables:
|
|
minetest.registered_items
|
|
^ List of registered items, indexed by name
|
|
minetest.registered_nodes
|
|
^ List of registered node definitions, indexed by name
|
|
minetest.registered_craftitems
|
|
^ List of registered craft item definitions, indexed by name
|
|
minetest.registered_tools
|
|
^ List of registered tool definitions, indexed by name
|
|
minetest.registered_entities
|
|
^ List of registered entity prototypes, indexed by name
|
|
minetest.object_refs
|
|
^ List of object references, indexed by active object id
|
|
minetest.luaentities
|
|
^ List of lua entities, indexed by active object id
|
|
|
|
Deprecated but defined for backwards compatibility:
|
|
minetest.digprop_constanttime(time)
|
|
minetest.digprop_stonelike(toughness)
|
|
minetest.digprop_dirtlike(toughness)
|
|
minetest.digprop_gravellike(toughness)
|
|
minetest.digprop_woodlike(toughness)
|
|
minetest.digprop_leaveslike(toughness)
|
|
minetest.digprop_glasslike(toughness)
|
|
|
|
Class reference
|
|
----------------
|
|
EnvRef: basically ServerEnvironment and ServerMap combined.
|
|
methods:
|
|
- set_node(pos, node)
|
|
- add_node(pos, node): alias set_node(pos, node)
|
|
- remove_node(pos): equivalent to set_node(pos, "air")
|
|
- get_node(pos)
|
|
^ Returns {name="ignore", ...} for unloaded area
|
|
- get_node_or_nil(pos)
|
|
^ Returns nil for unloaded area
|
|
- get_node_light(pos, timeofday) -> 0...15 or nil
|
|
^ timeofday: nil = current time, 0 = night, 0.5 = day
|
|
- add_entity(pos, name): Returns ObjectRef or nil if failed
|
|
- add_item(pos, itemstring)
|
|
- add_rat(pos)
|
|
- add_firefly(pos)
|
|
- get_meta(pos) -- Get a NodeMetaRef at that position
|
|
- get_player_by_name(name) -- Get an ObjectRef to a player
|
|
- get_objects_inside_radius(pos, radius)
|
|
- set_timeofday(val): val: 0...1; 0 = midnight, 0.5 = midday
|
|
- get_timeofday()
|
|
|
|
NodeMetaRef (this stuff is subject to change in a future version)
|
|
methods:
|
|
- get_type()
|
|
- allows_text_input()
|
|
- set_text(text) -- eg. set the text of a sign
|
|
- get_text()
|
|
- get_owner()
|
|
- set_owner(string)
|
|
Generic node metadata specific:
|
|
- set_infotext(infotext)
|
|
- get_inventory() -> InvRef
|
|
- set_inventory_draw_spec(string)
|
|
- set_allow_text_input(bool)
|
|
- set_allow_removal(bool)
|
|
- set_enforce_owner(bool)
|
|
- is_inventory_modified()
|
|
- reset_inventory_modified()
|
|
- is_text_modified()
|
|
- reset_text_modified()
|
|
- set_string(name, value)
|
|
- get_string(name)
|
|
|
|
ObjectRef: Moving things in the game are generally these
|
|
(basically reference to a C++ ServerActiveObject)
|
|
methods:
|
|
- remove(): remove object (after returning from Lua)
|
|
- getpos() -> {x=num, y=num, z=num}
|
|
- setpos(pos); pos={x=num, y=num, z=num}
|
|
- moveto(pos, continuous=false): interpolated move
|
|
- punch(puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, direction)
|
|
^ puncher = an another ObjectRef,
|
|
^ time_from_last_punch = time since last punch action of the puncher
|
|
- right_click(clicker); clicker = an another ObjectRef
|
|
- get_hp(): returns number of hitpoints (2 * number of hearts)
|
|
- set_hp(hp): set number of hitpoints (2 * number of hearts)
|
|
- get_inventory() -> InvRef
|
|
- get_wield_list(): returns the name of the inventory list the wielded item is in
|
|
- get_wield_index(): returns the index of the wielded item
|
|
- get_wielded_item() -> ItemStack
|
|
- set_wielded_item(item): replaces the wielded item, returns true if successful
|
|
- set_armor_groups({group1=rating, group2=rating, ...})
|
|
- set_properties(object property table)
|
|
LuaEntitySAO-only: (no-op for other objects)
|
|
- setvelocity({x=num, y=num, z=num})
|
|
- getvelocity() -> {x=num, y=num, z=num}
|
|
- setacceleration({x=num, y=num, z=num})
|
|
- getacceleration() -> {x=num, y=num, z=num}
|
|
- setyaw(radians)
|
|
- getyaw() -> radians
|
|
- settexturemod(mod)
|
|
- setsprite(p={x=0,y=0}, num_frames=1, framelength=0.2,
|
|
- select_horiz_by_yawpitch=false)
|
|
- ^ Select sprite from spritesheet with optional animation and DM-style
|
|
- texture selection based on yaw relative to camera
|
|
- get_entity_name() (DEPRECATED: Will be removed in a future version)
|
|
- get_luaentity()
|
|
Player-only: (no-op for other objects)
|
|
- get_player_name(): will return nil if is not a player
|
|
- get_look_dir(): get camera direction as a unit vector
|
|
- get_look_pitch(): pitch in radians
|
|
- get_look_yaw(): yaw in radians (wraps around pretty randomly as of now)
|
|
|
|
InvRef: Reference to an inventory
|
|
methods:
|
|
- get_size(listname): get size of a list
|
|
- set_size(listname, size): set size of a list
|
|
- get_stack(listname, i): get a copy of stack index i in list
|
|
- set_stack(listname, i, stack): copy stack to index i in list
|
|
- get_list(listname): return full list
|
|
- set_list(listname, list): set full list (size will not change)
|
|
- add_item(listname, stack): add item somewhere in list, returns leftover ItemStack
|
|
- room_for_item(listname, stack): returns true if the stack of items
|
|
can be fully added to the list
|
|
- contains_item(listname, stack): returns true if the stack of items
|
|
can be fully taken from the list
|
|
remove_item(listname, stack): take as many items as specified from the list,
|
|
returns the items that were actually removed (as an ItemStack)
|
|
|
|
ItemStack: A stack of items.
|
|
- Can be created via ItemStack(itemstack or itemstring or table or nil)
|
|
methods:
|
|
- is_empty(): return true if stack is empty
|
|
- get_name(): returns item name (e.g. "default:stone")
|
|
- get_count(): returns number of items on the stack
|
|
- get_wear(): returns tool wear (0-65535), 0 for non-tools
|
|
- get_metadata(): returns metadata (a string attached to an item stack)
|
|
- clear(): removes all items from the stack, making it empty
|
|
- replace(item): replace the contents of this stack (item can also
|
|
be an itemstring or table)
|
|
- to_string(): returns the stack in itemstring form
|
|
- to_table(): returns the stack in Lua table form
|
|
- get_stack_max(): returns the maximum size of the stack (depends on the item)
|
|
- get_free_space(): returns get_stack_max() - get_count()
|
|
- is_known(): returns true if the item name refers to a defined item type
|
|
- get_definition(): returns the item definition table
|
|
- get_tool_capabilities(): returns the digging properties of the item,
|
|
^ or those of the hand if none are defined for this item type
|
|
- add_wear(amount): increases wear by amount if the item is a tool
|
|
- add_item(item): put some item or stack onto this stack,
|
|
^ returns leftover ItemStack
|
|
- item_fits(item): returns true if item or stack can be fully added to this one
|
|
- take_item(n): take (and remove) up to n items from this stack
|
|
^ returns taken ItemStack
|
|
^ if n is omitted, n=1 is used
|
|
- peek_item(n): copy (don't remove) up to n items from this stack
|
|
^ returns copied ItemStack
|
|
^ if n is omitted, n=1 is used
|
|
|
|
PseudoRandom: A pseudorandom number generator
|
|
- Can be created via PseudoRandom(seed)
|
|
methods:
|
|
- next(): return next integer random number [0...32767]
|
|
- next(min, max): return next integer random number [min...max]
|
|
(max - min) must be 32767 or <= 6553 due to the simple
|
|
implementation making bad distribution otherwise.
|
|
|
|
Registered entities
|
|
--------------------
|
|
- Functions receive a "luaentity" as self:
|
|
- It has the member .name, which is the registered name ("mod:thing")
|
|
- It has the member .object, which is an ObjectRef pointing to the object
|
|
- The original prototype stuff is visible directly via a metatable
|
|
- Callbacks:
|
|
- on_activate(self, staticdata)
|
|
^ Called when the object is instantiated.
|
|
- on_step(self, dtime)
|
|
^ Called on every server tick (dtime is usually 0.05 seconds)
|
|
- on_punch(self, puncher, time_from_last_punch, tool_capabilities, dir)
|
|
^ Called when somebody punches the object.
|
|
^ Note that you probably want to handle most punches using the
|
|
automatic armor group system.
|
|
^ puncher: ObjectRef (can be nil)
|
|
^ time_from_last_punch: Meant for disallowing spamming of clicks (can be nil)
|
|
^ tool_capabilities: capability table of used tool (can be nil)
|
|
^ dir: unit vector of direction of punch. Always defined. Points from
|
|
the puncher to the punched.
|
|
- on_rightclick(self, clicker)
|
|
- get_staticdata(self)
|
|
^ Should return a string that will be passed to on_activate when
|
|
the object is instantiated the next time.
|
|
|
|
Definition tables
|
|
------------------
|
|
|
|
Object Properties
|
|
{
|
|
physical = true,
|
|
collisionbox = {-0.5,-0.5,-0.5, 0.5,0.5,0.5},
|
|
visual = "cube"/"sprite"/"upright_sprite",
|
|
visual_size = {x=1, y=1},
|
|
textures = {}, -- number of required textures depends on visual
|
|
spritediv = {x=1, y=1},
|
|
initial_sprite_basepos = {x=0, y=0},
|
|
is_visible = true,
|
|
makes_footstep_sound = false,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Entity definition (register_entity)
|
|
{
|
|
(Deprecated: Everything in object properties is read directly from here)
|
|
|
|
initial_properties = <initial object properties>,
|
|
|
|
on_activate = function(self, staticdata),
|
|
on_step = function(self, dtime),
|
|
on_punch = function(self, hitter),
|
|
on_rightclick = function(self, clicker),
|
|
get_staticdata = function(self),
|
|
^ Called sometimes; the string returned is passed to on_activate when
|
|
the entity is re-activated from static state
|
|
|
|
# Also you can define arbitrary member variables here
|
|
myvariable = whatever,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
ABM (ActiveBlockModifier) definition (register_abm)
|
|
{
|
|
-- In the following two fields, also group:groupname will work.
|
|
nodenames = {"default:lava_source"},
|
|
neighbors = {"default:water_source", "default:water_flowing"}, -- (any of these)
|
|
^ If left out or empty, any neighbor will do
|
|
interval = 1.0, -- (operation interval)
|
|
chance = 1, -- (chance of trigger is 1.0/this)
|
|
action = func(pos, node, active_object_count, active_object_count_wider),
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Item definition (register_node, register_craftitem, register_tool)
|
|
{
|
|
description = "Steel Axe",
|
|
groups = {}, -- key=name, value=rating; rating=1..3.
|
|
if rating not applicable, use 1.
|
|
eg. {wool=1, fluffy=3}
|
|
{soil=2, outerspace=1, crumbly=1}
|
|
{bendy=2, snappy=1},
|
|
{hard=1, metal=1, spikes=1}
|
|
inventory_image = "default_tool_steelaxe.png",
|
|
wield_image = "",
|
|
wield_scale = {x=1,y=1,z=1},
|
|
stack_max = 99,
|
|
liquids_pointable = false,
|
|
tool_capabilities = {
|
|
full_punch_interval = 1.0,
|
|
max_drop_level=0,
|
|
groupcaps={
|
|
-- For example:
|
|
fleshy={times={[2]=0.80, [3]=0.40}, maxwear=0.05, maxlevel=1},
|
|
snappy={times={[2]=0.80, [3]=0.40}, maxwear=0.05, maxlevel=1},
|
|
choppy={times={[3]=0.90}, maxwear=0.05, maxlevel=0}
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
on_drop = func(itemstack, dropper, pos),
|
|
on_place = func(itemstack, placer, pointed_thing),
|
|
on_use = func(itemstack, user, pointed_thing),
|
|
^ Function must return either nil if no item shall be removed from
|
|
inventory, or an itemstack to replace the original itemstack.
|
|
eg. itemstack:take_item(); return itemstack
|
|
^ Otherwise, the function is free to do what it wants.
|
|
^ The default functions handle regular use cases.
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Node definition (register_node)
|
|
{
|
|
<all fields allowed in item definitions>,
|
|
|
|
drawtype = "normal",
|
|
visual_scale = 1.0,
|
|
tile_images = {"default_unknown_block.png"},
|
|
special_materials = {
|
|
{image="", backface_culling=true},
|
|
{image="", backface_culling=true},
|
|
},
|
|
alpha = 255,
|
|
post_effect_color = {a=0, r=0, g=0, b=0},
|
|
paramtype = "none",
|
|
paramtype2 = "none",
|
|
is_ground_content = false,
|
|
sunlight_propagates = false,
|
|
walkable = true,
|
|
pointable = true,
|
|
diggable = true,
|
|
climbable = false,
|
|
buildable_to = false,
|
|
drop = "",
|
|
-- alternatively drop = { max_items = ..., items = { ... } }
|
|
metadata_name = "",
|
|
liquidtype = "none",
|
|
liquid_alternative_flowing = "",
|
|
liquid_alternative_source = "",
|
|
liquid_viscosity = 0,
|
|
light_source = 0,
|
|
damage_per_second = 0,
|
|
selection_box = {type="regular"},
|
|
legacy_facedir_simple = false, -- Support maps made in and before January 2012
|
|
legacy_wallmounted = false, -- Support maps made in and before January 2012
|
|
sounds = {
|
|
footstep = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
|
|
dig = <SimpleSoundSpec>, -- "__group" = group-based sound (default)
|
|
dug = <SimpleSoundSpec>,
|
|
},
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Recipe: (register_craft)
|
|
{
|
|
output = 'default:pick_stone',
|
|
recipe = {
|
|
{'default:cobble', 'default:cobble', 'default:cobble'},
|
|
{'', 'default:stick', ''},
|
|
{'', 'default:stick', ''},
|
|
},
|
|
replacements = <optional list of item pairs,
|
|
replace one input item with another item on crafting>
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Recipe (shapeless):
|
|
{
|
|
type = "shapeless",
|
|
output = 'mushrooms:mushroom_stew',
|
|
recipe = {
|
|
"mushrooms:bowl",
|
|
"mushrooms:mushroom_brown",
|
|
"mushrooms:mushroom_red",
|
|
},
|
|
replacements = <optional list of item pairs,
|
|
replace one input item with another item on crafting>
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Recipe (tool repair):
|
|
{
|
|
type = "toolrepair",
|
|
additional_wear = -0.02,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Recipe (cooking):
|
|
{
|
|
type = "cooking",
|
|
output = "default:glass",
|
|
recipe = "default:sand",
|
|
cooktime = 3,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Recipe (furnace fuel):
|
|
{
|
|
type = "fuel",
|
|
recipe = "default:leaves",
|
|
burntime = 1,
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Chatcommand definition (register_chatcommand)
|
|
{
|
|
params = "<name> <privilege>", -- short parameter description
|
|
description = "Remove privilege from player", -- full description
|
|
privs = {privs=true}, -- require the "privs" privilege to run
|
|
func = function(name, param), -- called when command is run
|
|
}
|
|
|