modlib/b3d.lua

local metatable = {__index = getfenv(1)}

--! experimental
--+ Reads a single BB3D chunk from a stream
--+ Doing `assert(stream:read(1) == nil)` afterwards is recommended
--+ See `b3d_specification.txt` as well as https://github.com/blitz-research/blitz3d/blob/master/blitz3d/loader_b3d.cpp
--> B3D model
function read(stream)
	local left = 8

	local function byte()
		left = left - 1
		return assert(stream:read(1):byte())
	end

	local function int()
		local value = byte() + byte() * 0x100 + byte() * 0x10000 + byte() * 0x1000000
		if value >= 2^31 then
			return value - 2^32
		end
		return value
	end

	local function id()
		return int() + 1
	end

	local function optional_id()
		local id = int()
		if id == -1 then
			return
		end
		return id + 1
	end

	local function string()
		local rope = {}
		while true do
			left = left - 1
			local char = assert(stream:read(1))
			if char == "\0" then
				return table.concat(rope)
			end
			table.insert(rope, char)
		end
	end

	local read_single = modlib.binary.read_single
	local function float()
		return read_single(byte)
	end

	local function float_array(length)
		local list = {}
		for index = 1, length do
			list[index] = float()
		end
		return list
	end

	local function color()
		return {
			r = float(),
			g = float(),
			b = float(),
			a = float()
		}
	end

	local function vector3()
		return float_array(3)
	end

	local function quaternion()
		return {[4] = float(), [1] = float(), [2] = float(), [3] = float()}
	end

	local function content()
		assert(left >= 0, stream:seek())
		return left ~= 0
	end

	local chunk
	local chunks = {
		TEXS = function()
			local textures = {}
			while content() do
				table.insert(textures, {
					file = string(),
					flags = int(),
					blend = int(),
					pos = float_array(2),
					scale = float_array(2),
					rotation = float()
				})
			end
			return textures
		end,
		BRUS = function()
			local brushes = {}
			brushes.n_texs = int()
			assert(brushes.n_texs <= 8)
			while content() do
				local brush = {
					name = string(),
					color = color(),
					shininess = float(),
					blend = float(),
					fx = float(),
					texture_id = {}
				}
				for index = 1, brushes.n_texs do
					brush.texture_id[index] = optional_id()
				end
				table.insert(brushes, brush)
			end
			return brushes
		end,
		VRTS = function()
			local vertices = {
				flags = int(),
				tex_coord_sets = int(),
				tex_coord_set_size = int()
			}
			assert(vertices.tex_coord_sets <= 8 and vertices.tex_coord_set_size <= 4)
			local has_normal = (vertices.flags % 2 == 1) or nil
			local has_color = (math.floor(vertices.flags / 2) % 2 == 1) or nil
			while content() do
				local vertex = {
					pos = vector3(),
					normal = has_normal and vector3(),
					color = has_color and color(),
					tex_coords = {}
				}
				for tex_coord_set = 1, vertices.tex_coord_sets do
					local tex_coords = {}
					for tex_coord = 1, vertices.tex_coord_set_size do
						tex_coords[tex_coord] = float()
					end
					vertex.tex_coords[tex_coord_set] = tex_coords
				end
				table.insert(vertices, vertex)
			end
			return vertices
		end,
		TRIS = function()
			local tris = {
				brush_id = id(),
				vertex_ids = {}
			}
			while content() do
				table.insert(tris.vertex_ids, {id(), id(), id()})
			end
			return tris
		end,
		MESH = function()
			local mesh = {
				brush_id = optional_id(),
				vertices = chunk{VRTS = true}
			}
			mesh.triangle_sets = {}
			repeat
				local tris = chunk{TRIS = true}
				table.insert(mesh.triangle_sets, tris)
			until not content()
			return mesh
		end,
		BONE = function()
			local bone = {}
			while content() do
				local vertex_id = id()
				assert(not bone[vertex_id], "duplicate vertex weight")
				local weight = float()
				if weight > 0 then
					-- Many exporters include unneeded zero weights
					bone[vertex_id] = weight
				end
			end
			return bone
		end,
		KEYS = function()
			local flags = int()
			local _flags = flags % 8
			local rotation, scale, position
			if _flags >= 4 then
				rotation = true
				_flags = _flags - 4
			end
			if _flags >= 2 then
				scale = true
				_flags = _flags - 2
			end
			position = _flags >= 1
			local bone = {
				flags = flags
			}
			while content() do
				table.insert(bone, {
					frame = int(),
					position = position and vector3() or nil,
					scale = scale and vector3() or nil,
					rotation = rotation and quaternion() or nil
				})
			end
			-- Ensure frames are sorted ascending
			table.sort(bone, function(a, b) return a.frame < b.frame end)
			return bone
		end,
		ANIM = function()
			return {
				-- flags are unused
				flags = int(),
				frames = int(),
				fps = float()
			}
		end,
		NODE = function()
			local node = {
				name = string(),
				position = vector3(),
				scale = vector3(),
				keys = {},
				rotation = quaternion(),
				children = {}
			}
			local node_type
			-- See https://github.com/blitz-research/blitz3d/blob/master/blitz3d/loader_b3d.cpp#L263
			-- Order is not validated; double occurences of mutually exclusive node def are
			while content() do
				local elem, type = chunk()
				if type == "MESH" then
					assert(not node_type)
					node_type = "mesh"
					node.mesh = elem
				elseif type == "BONE" then
					assert(not node_type)
					node_type = "bone"
					node.bone = elem
				elseif type == "KEYS" then
					assert((node.keys[#node.keys] or {}).frame ~= (elem[1] or {}).frame, "duplicate frame")
					modlib.table.append(node.keys, elem)
				elseif type == "NODE" then
					table.insert(node.children, elem)
				elseif type == "ANIM" then
					node.animation = elem
				else
					assert(not node_type)
					node_type = "pivot"
				end
			end
			-- TODO somehow merge keys
			return node
		end,
		BB3D = function()
			local version = int()
			local self = {
				version = {
					major = math.floor(version / 100),
					minor = version % 100,
					raw = version
				},
				textures = {},
				brushes = {}
			}
			assert(self.version.major <= 2, "unsupported version: " .. self.version.major)
			while content() do
				local field, type = chunk{TEXS = true, BRUS = true, NODE = true}
				if type == "TEXS" then
					modlib.table.append(self.textures, field)
				elseif type == "BRUS" then
					modlib.table.append(self.brushes, field)
				else
					self.node = field
				end
			end
			return self
		end
	}

	local function chunk_header()
		left = left - 4
		return stream:read(4), int()
	end

	function chunk(possible_chunks)
		local type, new_left = chunk_header()
		local parent_left
		left, parent_left = new_left, left
		if possible_chunks and not possible_chunks[type] then
			error("expected one of " .. table.concat(modlib.table.keys(possible_chunks), ", ") .. ", found " .. type)
		end
		local res = assert(chunks[type])()
		assert(left == 0)
		left = parent_left - new_left
		return res, type
	end

	local self = chunk{BB3D = true}
	return setmetatable(self, metatable)
end

-- TODO function write(self, stream)

local binary_search_frame = modlib.table.binary_search_comparator(function(a, b)
	return modlib.table.default_comparator(a, b.frame)
end)

--> [bonename] = { position = vector, rotation = quaternion, scale = vector }
function get_animated_bone_properties(self, keyframe, interpolate)
	local function get_frame_values(keys)
		local values = keys[keyframe]
		if values and values.frame == keyframe then
			return {
				position = values.position,
				rotation = values.rotation,
				scale = values.scale
			}
		end
		local index = binary_search_frame(keys, keyframe)
		if index > 0 then
			return keys[index]
		end
		index = -index
		assert(index > 1 and index <= #keys)
		local a, b = keys[index - 1], keys[index]
		if not interpolate then
			return a
		end
		local ratio = (keyframe - a.frame) / (b.frame - a.frame)
		return {
			position = (a.position and b.position and modlib.vector.interpolate(a.position, b.position, ratio)) or a.position or b.position,
			rotation = (a.rotation and b.rotation and modlib.quaternion.interpolate(a.rotation, b.rotation, ratio)) or a.rotation or b.rotation,
			scale = (a.scale and b.scale and modlib.vector.interpolate(a.scale, b.scale, ratio)) or a.scale or b.scale,
		}
	end
	local bone_properties = {}
	local function get_props(node)
		local properties = {}
		if node.keys and next(node.keys) ~= nil then
			properties = modlib.table.add_all(properties, get_frame_values(node.keys))
		end
		for _, property in pairs{"position", "rotation", "scale"} do
			properties[property] = properties[property] or modlib.table.copy(node[property])
		end
		if node.bone then
			assert(not bone_properties[node.name])
			bone_properties[node.name] = properties
		end
		for _, child in pairs(node.children or {}) do
			get_props(child)
		end
	end
	get_props(self.node)
	return bone_properties
end