537 lines
19 KiB
Python
537 lines
19 KiB
Python
from __future__ import absolute_import
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import collections
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import functools
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import logging
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from ._collections import RecentlyUsedContainer
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from .connectionpool import HTTPConnectionPool, HTTPSConnectionPool, port_by_scheme
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from .exceptions import (
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LocationValueError,
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MaxRetryError,
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ProxySchemeUnknown,
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ProxySchemeUnsupported,
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URLSchemeUnknown,
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)
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from .packages import six
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from .packages.six.moves.urllib.parse import urljoin
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from .request import RequestMethods
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from .util.proxy import connection_requires_http_tunnel
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from .util.retry import Retry
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from .util.url import parse_url
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__all__ = ["PoolManager", "ProxyManager", "proxy_from_url"]
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log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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SSL_KEYWORDS = (
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"key_file",
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"cert_file",
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"cert_reqs",
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"ca_certs",
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"ssl_version",
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"ca_cert_dir",
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"ssl_context",
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"key_password",
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)
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# All known keyword arguments that could be provided to the pool manager, its
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# pools, or the underlying connections. This is used to construct a pool key.
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_key_fields = (
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"key_scheme", # str
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"key_host", # str
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"key_port", # int
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"key_timeout", # int or float or Timeout
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"key_retries", # int or Retry
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"key_strict", # bool
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"key_block", # bool
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"key_source_address", # str
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"key_key_file", # str
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"key_key_password", # str
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"key_cert_file", # str
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"key_cert_reqs", # str
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"key_ca_certs", # str
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"key_ssl_version", # str
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"key_ca_cert_dir", # str
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"key_ssl_context", # instance of ssl.SSLContext or urllib3.util.ssl_.SSLContext
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"key_maxsize", # int
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"key_headers", # dict
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"key__proxy", # parsed proxy url
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"key__proxy_headers", # dict
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"key__proxy_config", # class
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"key_socket_options", # list of (level (int), optname (int), value (int or str)) tuples
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"key__socks_options", # dict
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"key_assert_hostname", # bool or string
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"key_assert_fingerprint", # str
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"key_server_hostname", # str
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)
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#: The namedtuple class used to construct keys for the connection pool.
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#: All custom key schemes should include the fields in this key at a minimum.
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PoolKey = collections.namedtuple("PoolKey", _key_fields)
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_proxy_config_fields = ("ssl_context", "use_forwarding_for_https")
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ProxyConfig = collections.namedtuple("ProxyConfig", _proxy_config_fields)
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def _default_key_normalizer(key_class, request_context):
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"""
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Create a pool key out of a request context dictionary.
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According to RFC 3986, both the scheme and host are case-insensitive.
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Therefore, this function normalizes both before constructing the pool
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key for an HTTPS request. If you wish to change this behaviour, provide
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alternate callables to ``key_fn_by_scheme``.
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:param key_class:
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The class to use when constructing the key. This should be a namedtuple
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with the ``scheme`` and ``host`` keys at a minimum.
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:type key_class: namedtuple
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:param request_context:
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A dictionary-like object that contain the context for a request.
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:type request_context: dict
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:return: A namedtuple that can be used as a connection pool key.
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:rtype: PoolKey
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"""
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# Since we mutate the dictionary, make a copy first
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context = request_context.copy()
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context["scheme"] = context["scheme"].lower()
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context["host"] = context["host"].lower()
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# These are both dictionaries and need to be transformed into frozensets
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for key in ("headers", "_proxy_headers", "_socks_options"):
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if key in context and context[key] is not None:
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context[key] = frozenset(context[key].items())
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# The socket_options key may be a list and needs to be transformed into a
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# tuple.
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socket_opts = context.get("socket_options")
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if socket_opts is not None:
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context["socket_options"] = tuple(socket_opts)
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# Map the kwargs to the names in the namedtuple - this is necessary since
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# namedtuples can't have fields starting with '_'.
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for key in list(context.keys()):
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context["key_" + key] = context.pop(key)
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# Default to ``None`` for keys missing from the context
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for field in key_class._fields:
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if field not in context:
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context[field] = None
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return key_class(**context)
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#: A dictionary that maps a scheme to a callable that creates a pool key.
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#: This can be used to alter the way pool keys are constructed, if desired.
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#: Each PoolManager makes a copy of this dictionary so they can be configured
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#: globally here, or individually on the instance.
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key_fn_by_scheme = {
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"http": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
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"https": functools.partial(_default_key_normalizer, PoolKey),
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}
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pool_classes_by_scheme = {"http": HTTPConnectionPool, "https": HTTPSConnectionPool}
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class PoolManager(RequestMethods):
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"""
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Allows for arbitrary requests while transparently keeping track of
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necessary connection pools for you.
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:param num_pools:
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Number of connection pools to cache before discarding the least
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recently used pool.
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:param headers:
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Headers to include with all requests, unless other headers are given
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explicitly.
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:param \\**connection_pool_kw:
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Additional parameters are used to create fresh
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:class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` instances.
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Example::
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>>> manager = PoolManager(num_pools=2)
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>>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://google.com/')
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>>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://google.com/mail')
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>>> r = manager.request('GET', 'http://yahoo.com/')
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>>> len(manager.pools)
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2
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"""
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proxy = None
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proxy_config = None
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def __init__(self, num_pools=10, headers=None, **connection_pool_kw):
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RequestMethods.__init__(self, headers)
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self.connection_pool_kw = connection_pool_kw
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self.pools = RecentlyUsedContainer(num_pools, dispose_func=lambda p: p.close())
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# Locally set the pool classes and keys so other PoolManagers can
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# override them.
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self.pool_classes_by_scheme = pool_classes_by_scheme
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self.key_fn_by_scheme = key_fn_by_scheme.copy()
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def __enter__(self):
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return self
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def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
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self.clear()
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# Return False to re-raise any potential exceptions
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return False
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def _new_pool(self, scheme, host, port, request_context=None):
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"""
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Create a new :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on host, port, scheme, and
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any additional pool keyword arguments.
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If ``request_context`` is provided, it is provided as keyword arguments
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to the pool class used. This method is used to actually create the
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connection pools handed out by :meth:`connection_from_url` and
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companion methods. It is intended to be overridden for customization.
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"""
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pool_cls = self.pool_classes_by_scheme[scheme]
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if request_context is None:
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request_context = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
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# Although the context has everything necessary to create the pool,
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# this function has historically only used the scheme, host, and port
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# in the positional args. When an API change is acceptable these can
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# be removed.
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for key in ("scheme", "host", "port"):
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request_context.pop(key, None)
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if scheme == "http":
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for kw in SSL_KEYWORDS:
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request_context.pop(kw, None)
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return pool_cls(host, port, **request_context)
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def clear(self):
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"""
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Empty our store of pools and direct them all to close.
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This will not affect in-flight connections, but they will not be
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re-used after completion.
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"""
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self.pools.clear()
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def connection_from_host(self, host, port=None, scheme="http", pool_kwargs=None):
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"""
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Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the host, port, and scheme.
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If ``port`` isn't given, it will be derived from the ``scheme`` using
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``urllib3.connectionpool.port_by_scheme``. If ``pool_kwargs`` is
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provided, it is merged with the instance's ``connection_pool_kw``
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variable and used to create the new connection pool, if one is
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needed.
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"""
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if not host:
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raise LocationValueError("No host specified.")
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request_context = self._merge_pool_kwargs(pool_kwargs)
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request_context["scheme"] = scheme or "http"
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if not port:
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port = port_by_scheme.get(request_context["scheme"].lower(), 80)
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request_context["port"] = port
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request_context["host"] = host
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return self.connection_from_context(request_context)
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def connection_from_context(self, request_context):
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"""
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Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the request context.
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``request_context`` must at least contain the ``scheme`` key and its
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value must be a key in ``key_fn_by_scheme`` instance variable.
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"""
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scheme = request_context["scheme"].lower()
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pool_key_constructor = self.key_fn_by_scheme.get(scheme)
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if not pool_key_constructor:
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raise URLSchemeUnknown(scheme)
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pool_key = pool_key_constructor(request_context)
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return self.connection_from_pool_key(pool_key, request_context=request_context)
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def connection_from_pool_key(self, pool_key, request_context=None):
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"""
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Get a :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` based on the provided pool key.
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``pool_key`` should be a namedtuple that only contains immutable
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objects. At a minimum it must have the ``scheme``, ``host``, and
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``port`` fields.
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"""
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with self.pools.lock:
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# If the scheme, host, or port doesn't match existing open
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# connections, open a new ConnectionPool.
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pool = self.pools.get(pool_key)
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if pool:
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return pool
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# Make a fresh ConnectionPool of the desired type
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scheme = request_context["scheme"]
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host = request_context["host"]
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port = request_context["port"]
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pool = self._new_pool(scheme, host, port, request_context=request_context)
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self.pools[pool_key] = pool
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return pool
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def connection_from_url(self, url, pool_kwargs=None):
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"""
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Similar to :func:`urllib3.connectionpool.connection_from_url`.
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If ``pool_kwargs`` is not provided and a new pool needs to be
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constructed, ``self.connection_pool_kw`` is used to initialize
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the :class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool`. If ``pool_kwargs``
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is provided, it is used instead. Note that if a new pool does not
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need to be created for the request, the provided ``pool_kwargs`` are
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not used.
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"""
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u = parse_url(url)
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return self.connection_from_host(
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u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
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)
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def _merge_pool_kwargs(self, override):
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"""
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Merge a dictionary of override values for self.connection_pool_kw.
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This does not modify self.connection_pool_kw and returns a new dict.
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Any keys in the override dictionary with a value of ``None`` are
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removed from the merged dictionary.
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"""
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base_pool_kwargs = self.connection_pool_kw.copy()
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if override:
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for key, value in override.items():
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if value is None:
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try:
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del base_pool_kwargs[key]
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except KeyError:
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pass
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else:
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base_pool_kwargs[key] = value
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return base_pool_kwargs
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def _proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(self, parsed_url):
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"""
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Indicates if the proxy requires the complete destination URL in the
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request. Normally this is only needed when not using an HTTP CONNECT
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tunnel.
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"""
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if self.proxy is None:
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return False
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return not connection_requires_http_tunnel(
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self.proxy, self.proxy_config, parsed_url.scheme
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)
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def _validate_proxy_scheme_url_selection(self, url_scheme):
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"""
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Validates that were not attempting to do TLS in TLS connections on
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Python2 or with unsupported SSL implementations.
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"""
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if self.proxy is None or url_scheme != "https":
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return
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if self.proxy.scheme != "https":
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return
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if six.PY2 and not self.proxy_config.use_forwarding_for_https:
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raise ProxySchemeUnsupported(
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"Contacting HTTPS destinations through HTTPS proxies "
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"'via CONNECT tunnels' is not supported in Python 2"
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)
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def urlopen(self, method, url, redirect=True, **kw):
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"""
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Same as :meth:`urllib3.HTTPConnectionPool.urlopen`
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with custom cross-host redirect logic and only sends the request-uri
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portion of the ``url``.
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The given ``url`` parameter must be absolute, such that an appropriate
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:class:`urllib3.connectionpool.ConnectionPool` can be chosen for it.
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"""
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u = parse_url(url)
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self._validate_proxy_scheme_url_selection(u.scheme)
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conn = self.connection_from_host(u.host, port=u.port, scheme=u.scheme)
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kw["assert_same_host"] = False
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kw["redirect"] = False
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if "headers" not in kw:
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kw["headers"] = self.headers.copy()
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if self._proxy_requires_url_absolute_form(u):
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response = conn.urlopen(method, url, **kw)
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else:
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response = conn.urlopen(method, u.request_uri, **kw)
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redirect_location = redirect and response.get_redirect_location()
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if not redirect_location:
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return response
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# Support relative URLs for redirecting.
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redirect_location = urljoin(url, redirect_location)
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# RFC 7231, Section 6.4.4
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if response.status == 303:
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method = "GET"
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retries = kw.get("retries")
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if not isinstance(retries, Retry):
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retries = Retry.from_int(retries, redirect=redirect)
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# Strip headers marked as unsafe to forward to the redirected location.
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# Check remove_headers_on_redirect to avoid a potential network call within
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# conn.is_same_host() which may use socket.gethostbyname() in the future.
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if retries.remove_headers_on_redirect and not conn.is_same_host(
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redirect_location
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):
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headers = list(six.iterkeys(kw["headers"]))
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for header in headers:
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if header.lower() in retries.remove_headers_on_redirect:
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kw["headers"].pop(header, None)
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try:
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retries = retries.increment(method, url, response=response, _pool=conn)
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except MaxRetryError:
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if retries.raise_on_redirect:
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response.drain_conn()
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raise
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return response
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kw["retries"] = retries
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kw["redirect"] = redirect
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log.info("Redirecting %s -> %s", url, redirect_location)
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response.drain_conn()
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return self.urlopen(method, redirect_location, **kw)
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class ProxyManager(PoolManager):
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"""
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Behaves just like :class:`PoolManager`, but sends all requests through
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the defined proxy, using the CONNECT method for HTTPS URLs.
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:param proxy_url:
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The URL of the proxy to be used.
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:param proxy_headers:
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A dictionary containing headers that will be sent to the proxy. In case
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of HTTP they are being sent with each request, while in the
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HTTPS/CONNECT case they are sent only once. Could be used for proxy
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authentication.
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:param proxy_ssl_context:
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The proxy SSL context is used to establish the TLS connection to the
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proxy when using HTTPS proxies.
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:param use_forwarding_for_https:
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(Defaults to False) If set to True will forward requests to the HTTPS
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proxy to be made on behalf of the client instead of creating a TLS
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tunnel via the CONNECT method. **Enabling this flag means that request
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and response headers and content will be visible from the HTTPS proxy**
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whereas tunneling keeps request and response headers and content
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private. IP address, target hostname, SNI, and port are always visible
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to an HTTPS proxy even when this flag is disabled.
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Example:
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>>> proxy = urllib3.ProxyManager('http://localhost:3128/')
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>>> r1 = proxy.request('GET', 'http://google.com/')
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>>> r2 = proxy.request('GET', 'http://httpbin.org/')
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>>> len(proxy.pools)
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1
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>>> r3 = proxy.request('GET', 'https://httpbin.org/')
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>>> r4 = proxy.request('GET', 'https://twitter.com/')
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>>> len(proxy.pools)
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3
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"""
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def __init__(
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self,
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proxy_url,
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num_pools=10,
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headers=None,
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proxy_headers=None,
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proxy_ssl_context=None,
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use_forwarding_for_https=False,
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**connection_pool_kw
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):
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if isinstance(proxy_url, HTTPConnectionPool):
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proxy_url = "%s://%s:%i" % (
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proxy_url.scheme,
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proxy_url.host,
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proxy_url.port,
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)
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proxy = parse_url(proxy_url)
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if proxy.scheme not in ("http", "https"):
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raise ProxySchemeUnknown(proxy.scheme)
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if not proxy.port:
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port = port_by_scheme.get(proxy.scheme, 80)
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proxy = proxy._replace(port=port)
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self.proxy = proxy
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self.proxy_headers = proxy_headers or {}
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self.proxy_ssl_context = proxy_ssl_context
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self.proxy_config = ProxyConfig(proxy_ssl_context, use_forwarding_for_https)
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connection_pool_kw["_proxy"] = self.proxy
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connection_pool_kw["_proxy_headers"] = self.proxy_headers
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connection_pool_kw["_proxy_config"] = self.proxy_config
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super(ProxyManager, self).__init__(num_pools, headers, **connection_pool_kw)
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def connection_from_host(self, host, port=None, scheme="http", pool_kwargs=None):
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if scheme == "https":
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return super(ProxyManager, self).connection_from_host(
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host, port, scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
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)
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return super(ProxyManager, self).connection_from_host(
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self.proxy.host, self.proxy.port, self.proxy.scheme, pool_kwargs=pool_kwargs
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)
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def _set_proxy_headers(self, url, headers=None):
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"""
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Sets headers needed by proxies: specifically, the Accept and Host
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headers. Only sets headers not provided by the user.
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"""
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headers_ = {"Accept": "*/*"}
|
|
|
|
netloc = parse_url(url).netloc
|
|
if netloc:
|
|
headers_["Host"] = netloc
|
|
|
|
if headers:
|
|
headers_.update(headers)
|
|
return headers_
|
|
|
|
def urlopen(self, method, url, redirect=True, **kw):
|
|
"Same as HTTP(S)ConnectionPool.urlopen, ``url`` must be absolute."
|
|
u = parse_url(url)
|
|
if not connection_requires_http_tunnel(self.proxy, self.proxy_config, u.scheme):
|
|
# For connections using HTTP CONNECT, httplib sets the necessary
|
|
# headers on the CONNECT to the proxy. If we're not using CONNECT,
|
|
# we'll definitely need to set 'Host' at the very least.
|
|
headers = kw.get("headers", self.headers)
|
|
kw["headers"] = self._set_proxy_headers(url, headers)
|
|
|
|
return super(ProxyManager, self).urlopen(method, url, redirect=redirect, **kw)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def proxy_from_url(url, **kw):
|
|
return ProxyManager(proxy_url=url, **kw)
|