mirror of
https://github.com/bitburner-official/bitburner-src.git
synced 2024-11-19 06:03:50 +01:00
622 lines
18 KiB
ReStructuredText
622 lines
18 KiB
ReStructuredText
.. _terminal:
|
|
|
|
Terminal
|
|
========
|
|
The Terminal is a console emulator program that lets you interface with all of the
|
|
Servers in the game. The Terminal can be accessed by clicking the 'Terminal' tab
|
|
on the navigation menu on the left-hand side of the game (you may need to expand
|
|
the 'Hacking' header in order to see the 'Terminal' tab). Alternatively, the :ref:`keyboard
|
|
shortcut <shortcuts>` Alt + t can be used to open the Terminal.
|
|
|
|
.. _terminal_filesystem:
|
|
|
|
Filesystem (Directories)
|
|
------------------------
|
|
The Terminal contains a **very** basic filesystem that allows you to store and
|
|
organize your files into different directories. Note that this is **not** a true
|
|
filesystem implementation. Instead, it is done almost entirely using string manipulation.
|
|
For this reason, many of the nice & useful features you'd find in a real
|
|
filesystem do not exist.
|
|
|
|
Here are the Terminal commands you'll commonly use when dealing with the filesystem.
|
|
|
|
* :ref:`ls_terminal_command`
|
|
* :ref:`cd_terminal_command`
|
|
* :ref:`mv_terminal_command`
|
|
|
|
Directories
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
In order to create a directory, simply name a file using a full absolute Linux-style path::
|
|
|
|
/scripts/myScript.js
|
|
|
|
This will automatically create a "directory" called :code:`scripts`. This will also work
|
|
for subdirectories::
|
|
|
|
/scripts/hacking/helpers/myHelperScripts.script
|
|
|
|
Files in the root directory do not need to begin with a forward slash::
|
|
|
|
thisIsAFileInTheRootDirectory.txt
|
|
|
|
Note that there is no way to manually create or remove directories. The creation and
|
|
deletion of directories is automatically handled as you name/rename/delete
|
|
files.
|
|
|
|
Absolute vs Relative Paths
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
Many Terminal commands accept both absolute and relative paths for specifying a
|
|
file.
|
|
|
|
An absolute path specifies the location of the file from the root directory (/).
|
|
Any path that begins with the forward slash is an absolute path::
|
|
|
|
$ nano /scripts/myScript.js
|
|
$ cat /serverList.txt
|
|
|
|
A relative path specifies the location of the file relative to the current working directory.
|
|
Any path that does **not** begin with a forward slash is a relative path. Note that the
|
|
Linux-style dot symbols will work for relative paths::
|
|
|
|
. (a single dot) - represents the current directory
|
|
.. (two dots) - represents the parent directory
|
|
|
|
$ cd ..
|
|
$ nano ../scripts/myScript.js
|
|
$ nano ../../helper.js
|
|
|
|
Netscript
|
|
^^^^^^^^^
|
|
Note that in order to reference a file, :ref:`netscript` functions require the
|
|
**full** absolute file path. For example
|
|
|
|
.. code:: javascript
|
|
|
|
run("/scripts/hacking/helpers.myHelperScripts.script");
|
|
rm("/logs/myHackingLogs.txt");
|
|
rm("thisIsAFileInTheRootDirectory.txt");
|
|
|
|
.. note:: A full file path **must** begin with a forward slash (/) if that file
|
|
is not in the root directory.
|
|
|
|
Missing Features
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
These features that are typically in Linux filesystems have not yet been added to the game:
|
|
|
|
* Tab autocompletion does not work with relative paths
|
|
* :code:`mv` only accepts full filepaths for the destination argument. It does not accept directories
|
|
|
|
Commands
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
alias
|
|
^^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ alias [-g] [name="value"]
|
|
|
|
Create or display aliases. An alias enables a replacement of a word with another
|
|
string. It can be used to abbreviate a commonly used command, or commonly used
|
|
parts of a command. The NAME of an alias defines the word that will be
|
|
replaced, while the VALUE defines what it will be replaced by. For example,
|
|
you could create the alias 'nuke' for the Terminal command 'run NUKE.exe'
|
|
using the following::
|
|
|
|
$ alias nuke="run NUKE.exe"
|
|
|
|
Then, to run the NUKE.exe program you would just have to enter 'nuke' in
|
|
Terminal rather than the full command. It is important to note that 'default'
|
|
aliases will only be substituted for the first word of a Terminal command. For
|
|
example, if the following alias was set::
|
|
|
|
$ alias worm="HTTPWorm.exe"
|
|
|
|
and then you tried to run the following terminal command::
|
|
|
|
$ run worm
|
|
|
|
This would fail because the worm alias is not the first word of a Terminal
|
|
command. To allow an alias to be substituted anywhere in a Terminal command,
|
|
rather than just the first word, you must set it to be a global alias using the -g flag::
|
|
|
|
$ alias -g worm="HTTPWorm.exe"
|
|
|
|
Now, the 'worm' alias will be substituted anytime it shows up as an individual word in
|
|
a Terminal command.
|
|
|
|
Entering just the command 'alias' without any arguments prints the list of all
|
|
defined aliases in the reusable form 'alias NAME=VALUE' on the Terminal.
|
|
|
|
The :ref:`unalias_terminal_command` Terminal command can be used to remove aliases.
|
|
|
|
.. _analyze_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
analyze
|
|
^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints details and statistics about the current server. The information that is
|
|
printed includes basic server details such as the hostname, whether the player
|
|
has root access, what ports are opened/closed, and also hacking-related information
|
|
such as an estimated chance to successfully hack, an estimate of how much money is
|
|
available on the server, etc.
|
|
|
|
backdoor
|
|
^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Installs a backdoor on the current server. Root access is required to do this.
|
|
|
|
Servers will give different bonuses when you install a backdoor.
|
|
This can pass faction tests or give bonsues such as discounts from companies.
|
|
|
|
buy
|
|
^^^
|
|
|
|
$ buy [-l/program]
|
|
|
|
Purchase a program through the Dark Web. Requires a TOR Router to use.
|
|
|
|
If this command is ran with the '-l' flag, it will display a list of all programs
|
|
that can be purchased through the Dark Web, as well as their costs.
|
|
|
|
Otherwise, the name of the program must be passed in as a parameter. This name
|
|
is NOT case-sensitive::
|
|
|
|
$ buy brutessh.exe
|
|
|
|
Note that you do not need to be connected to the actual dark web server in order
|
|
to run this command. You can use this command at any time on the Terminal.
|
|
|
|
cat
|
|
^^^
|
|
|
|
$ cat [filename]
|
|
|
|
Display a message (.msg), literature (.lit), or text (.txt) file::
|
|
|
|
$ cat j1.msg
|
|
$ cat foo.lit
|
|
$ cat servers.txt
|
|
|
|
.. _cd_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
cd
|
|
^^
|
|
|
|
$ cd [dir]
|
|
|
|
Change to the specified directory.
|
|
|
|
See :ref:`terminal_filesystem` for details on directories.
|
|
|
|
Note that this command works even for directories that don't exist. If you change
|
|
to a directory that doesn't exist, it will not be created. A directory is only created
|
|
once there is a file in it::
|
|
|
|
$ cd scripts/hacking
|
|
$ cd /logs
|
|
$ cd ..
|
|
|
|
check
|
|
^^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ check [script name] [args...]
|
|
|
|
Print the logs of the script specified by the script name and arguments to the Terminal.
|
|
Each argument must be separated by a space.
|
|
**Remember that a running script is uniquely identified both by its name and the arguments that are used to start it**. So,
|
|
if a script was ran with the following arguments::
|
|
|
|
$ run foo.script 1 2 foodnstuff
|
|
|
|
Then to run the 'check' command on this script you would have to pass the same arguments in::
|
|
|
|
$ check foo.script 1 2 foodnstuff
|
|
|
|
clear/cls
|
|
^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
|
|
Clear the Terminal screen, deleting all of the text. Note that this does not
|
|
delete the user's command history, so using the up and down arrow keys is
|
|
still valid. Also note that this is permanent and there is no way to undo this.
|
|
Both 'clear' and 'cls' do the same thing::
|
|
|
|
$ clear
|
|
$ cls
|
|
|
|
.. _connect_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
connect
|
|
^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ connect [hostname/ip]
|
|
|
|
Connect to a remote server. The hostname of the remote server must
|
|
be given as the argument to this command. Note that only servers that are immediately
|
|
adjacent to the current server in the network can be connected to. To see which
|
|
servers can be connected to, use the 'scan' command.
|
|
|
|
download
|
|
^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Downloads a script or text file to your computer (your real-life computer)::
|
|
|
|
$ download masterScript.script
|
|
$ download importantInfo.txt
|
|
|
|
You can also download all of your scripts/text files as a zip file using the following
|
|
Terminal commands::
|
|
|
|
$ download *
|
|
$ download *.script
|
|
$ download *.txt
|
|
|
|
expr
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ expr [math expression]
|
|
|
|
Evaluate a mathematical expression. The expression is evaluated in JavaScript,
|
|
and therefore all JavaScript operators should be supported.
|
|
|
|
Examples::
|
|
|
|
$ expr 5.6 * 10 - 123
|
|
$ expr 3 ** 3
|
|
|
|
|
|
free
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
Display's the memory usage on the current machine. Print the amount of RAM that
|
|
is available on the current server as well as how much of it is being used.
|
|
|
|
hack
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
Attempt to hack the current server. Requires root access in order to be run.
|
|
|
|
Related: Hacking Mechanics (TODO Add link here when page gets made)
|
|
|
|
help
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ help [command]
|
|
|
|
Display Terminal help information. Without arguments, 'help' prints a list of all
|
|
valid Terminal commands and a brief description of their functionality. You can
|
|
also pass the name of a Terminal command as an argument to 'help' to print more
|
|
detailed information about the Terminal command. Examples::
|
|
|
|
$ help alias
|
|
$ help scan-analyze
|
|
|
|
.. _home_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
home
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
Connect to your home computer. This will work no matter what server you are currently connected to.
|
|
|
|
hostname
|
|
^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints the hostname of the server you are currently connected to.
|
|
|
|
ifconfig
|
|
^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints the IP address of the server you are currently connected to.
|
|
|
|
kill
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ kill [script name] [args...]
|
|
$ kill [pid]
|
|
|
|
Kill the script specified by the script filename and arguments OR by its PID.
|
|
|
|
If you are killing the script using its filename and arguments, then each argument
|
|
must be separated by a space. Remember that a running script is uniquely identified
|
|
by both its name and the arguments that are used to start it. So, if a script
|
|
was ran with the following arguments::
|
|
|
|
$ run foo.script 50e3 sigma-cosmetics
|
|
|
|
Then to kill this script the same arguments would have to be used::
|
|
|
|
$ kill foo.script 50e3 sigma-cosmetics
|
|
|
|
If you are killing the script using its PID, then the PID argument must be numeric.
|
|
|
|
killall
|
|
^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Kills all scripts on the current server.
|
|
|
|
.. _ls_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
ls
|
|
^^
|
|
|
|
$ ls [dir] [--grep pattern]
|
|
|
|
Prints files and directories on the current server to the Terminal screen.
|
|
|
|
If this command is run with no arguments, then it prints all files and directories on the current
|
|
server to the Terminal screen. Directories will be printed first in alphabetical order,
|
|
followed by the files (also in alphabetical order).
|
|
|
|
The :code:`dir` optional parameter allows you to specify the directory for which to display
|
|
files.
|
|
|
|
The :code:`--grep pattern` optional parameter allows you to only display files and directories
|
|
with a certain pattern in their names.
|
|
|
|
The :code:`-l` optional parameter allows you to force each item onto a single line.
|
|
|
|
Examples::
|
|
|
|
// List files/directories with the '.script' extension in the current directory
|
|
$ ls -l --grep .script
|
|
|
|
// List files/directories with the '.js' extension in the root directory
|
|
$ ls / -l --grep .js
|
|
|
|
// List files/directories with the word 'purchase' in the name, in the :code:`scripts` directory
|
|
$ ls scripts -l --grep purchase
|
|
|
|
|
|
lscpu
|
|
^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints the number of CPU cores the current server has.
|
|
|
|
.. _mem_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
mem
|
|
^^^
|
|
|
|
$ mem [script name] [-t] [num threads]
|
|
|
|
Displays the amount of RAM needed to run the specified script with a single
|
|
thread. The command can also be used to print the amount of RAM needed to run
|
|
a script with multiple threads using the '-t' flag. If the '-t' flag is
|
|
specified, then an argument for the number of threads must be passed in
|
|
afterwards. Examples::
|
|
|
|
$ mem foo.script
|
|
$ mem foo.script -t 50
|
|
|
|
The first example above will print the amount of RAM needed to run 'foo.script'
|
|
with a single thread. The second example above will print the amount of RAM needed
|
|
to run 'foo.script' with 50 threads.
|
|
|
|
.. _mv_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
mv
|
|
^^
|
|
|
|
$ mv [source] [destination]
|
|
|
|
Move the source file to the specified destination in the filesystem.
|
|
See :ref:`terminal_filesystem` for more details about the Terminal's filesystem.
|
|
This command only works for scripts and text files (.txt). It cannot, however, be used
|
|
to convert from script to text file, or vice versa.
|
|
|
|
This function can also be used to rename files.
|
|
|
|
.. note:: Unlike the Linux :code:`mv` command, the *destination* argument must be the
|
|
full filepath. It cannot be a directory.
|
|
|
|
Examples::
|
|
|
|
$ mv hacking.script scripts/hacking.script
|
|
$ mv myScript.js myOldScript.js
|
|
|
|
nano
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ nano [filename]
|
|
|
|
Opens up the specified file in the Text Editor. Only scripts (.script, .js) and
|
|
text files (.txt) can be edited. If the file does not already exist, then a new
|
|
empty file will be created.
|
|
|
|
ps
|
|
^^
|
|
|
|
$ ps [-g, --grep pattern]
|
|
|
|
Prints all scripts that are currently running on the current server.
|
|
The :code:`-g, --grep pattern` option will only output running scripts where the name matches the provided pattern.
|
|
|
|
rm
|
|
^^
|
|
|
|
$ rm [filename]
|
|
|
|
Removes the specified file from the current server. This works for every file type
|
|
except literature files (.lit).
|
|
|
|
**WARNING: This is permanent and cannot be undone**
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _run_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
run
|
|
^^^
|
|
|
|
$ run [file name] [-t] [num threads] [args...]
|
|
|
|
Execute a program, script, or :ref:`codingcontracts`.
|
|
|
|
The '[-t]', '[num threads]', and '[args...]' arguments are only valid when
|
|
running a script. The '-t' flag is used to indicate that the script should
|
|
be run with the specified number of threads. If the flag is omitted, then
|
|
the script will be run with a single thread by default. If the '-t' flag is
|
|
used, then it MUST come immediately after the script name, and the
|
|
[num threads] argument MUST come immediately afterwards.
|
|
|
|
[args...] represents a variable number of arguments that will be passed into
|
|
the script. See the documentation about script arguments. Each specified
|
|
argument must be separated by a space.
|
|
|
|
**Examples**
|
|
|
|
Run a program::
|
|
|
|
$ run BruteSSH.exe
|
|
|
|
Run *foo.script* with 50 threads and the arguments [1e3, 0.5, foodnstuff]::
|
|
|
|
$ run foo.script -t 50 1e3 0.5 foodnstuff
|
|
|
|
Run a Coding Contract::
|
|
|
|
$ run foo-contract.cct
|
|
|
|
scan
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints all immediately-available network connections. This will print a list
|
|
of all servers that you can currently connect to using the 'connect' Terminal command.
|
|
|
|
|
|
.. _scan_analyze_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
scan-analyze
|
|
^^^^^^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ scan-analyze [depth]
|
|
|
|
Prints detailed information about all servers up to *[depth]* nodes away on the
|
|
network. Calling 'scan-analyze 1' will display information for the same servers
|
|
that are shown by the 'scan' Terminal command. This command also shows the
|
|
relative paths to reach each server.
|
|
|
|
By default, the maximum depth that can be specified for 'scan-analyze' is 3.
|
|
However, once you have the *DeepscanV1.exe* and *DeepscanV2.exe* programs, you can
|
|
execute 'scan-analyze' with a depth up to 5 and 10, respectively.
|
|
|
|
The information 'scan-analyze' displays about each server includes whether or
|
|
not you have root access to it, its required hacking level, the number of open
|
|
ports required to run NUKE.exe on it, and how much RAM it has.
|
|
|
|
.. _scp_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
scp
|
|
^^^
|
|
|
|
$ scp [script name] [target server]
|
|
|
|
Copies the specified script from the current server to the target server.
|
|
The second argument passed in must be the hostname or IP of the target server.
|
|
|
|
sudov
|
|
^^^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints whether or not you have root access to the current server.
|
|
|
|
.. _tail_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
tail
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ tail [script name] [args...]
|
|
|
|
Displays dynamic logs for the script specified by the script name and arguments.
|
|
Each argument must be separated by a space. Remember that a running script is
|
|
uniquely identified by both its name and the arguments that were used to run
|
|
it. So, if a script was ran with the following arguments::
|
|
|
|
$ run foo.script 10 50000
|
|
|
|
Then in order to check its logs with 'tail' the same arguments must be used::
|
|
|
|
$ tail foo.script 10 50000
|
|
|
|
top
|
|
^^^
|
|
|
|
Prints a list of all scripts running on the current server as well as their
|
|
thread count and how much RAM they are using in total.
|
|
|
|
.. _unalias_terminal_command:
|
|
|
|
unalias
|
|
^^^^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ unalias "[alias name]"
|
|
|
|
Deletes the specified alias. Note that the double quotation marks are required.
|
|
|
|
As an example, if an alias was declared using::
|
|
|
|
$ alias r="run"
|
|
|
|
Then it could be removed using::
|
|
|
|
$ unalias "r"
|
|
|
|
It is not necessary to differentiate between global and non-global aliases when using 'unalias'
|
|
|
|
wget
|
|
^^^^
|
|
|
|
$ wget [url] [target file]
|
|
|
|
Retrieves data from a url and downloads it to a file on the current server.
|
|
The data can only be downloaded to a script (.script, .js) or a text file
|
|
(.txt). If the target file already exists, it will be overwritten by this command.
|
|
|
|
Note that will not be possible to download data from many websites because they
|
|
do not allow cross-origin resource sharing (CORS). This includes websites such
|
|
as gist and pastebin. One notable site it will work on is rawgithub. Example::
|
|
|
|
$ wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/bitburner-official/bitburner-src/master/README.md game_readme.txt
|
|
|
|
Argument Parsing
|
|
----------------
|
|
When evaluating a terminal command, arguments are initially parsed based on whitespace (usually spaces).
|
|
Each whitespace character signifies the end of an argument, and potentially the start
|
|
of new one. For most terminal commands, this is all you need to know.
|
|
|
|
When running scripts, however, it is important to know in more detail how arguments are parsed.
|
|
There are two main points:
|
|
|
|
1. Quotation marks can be used to wrap a single argument and force it to be parsed as
|
|
a string. Any whitespace inside the quotation marks will not cause a new argument
|
|
to be parsed.
|
|
2. Anything that can represent a number is automatically cast to a number, unless its
|
|
surrounded by quotation marks.
|
|
|
|
Here's an example to show how these rules work. Consider the following script `argType.script`::
|
|
|
|
tprint("Number of args: " + args.length);
|
|
for (var i = 0; i < args.length; ++i) {
|
|
tprint(typeof args[i]);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
Then if we run the following terminal command::
|
|
|
|
$ run argType.script 123 1e3 "5" "this is a single argument"
|
|
|
|
We'll see the following in the Terminal::
|
|
|
|
Running script with 1 thread(s) and args: [123, 1000, "5", "this is a single argument"].
|
|
May take a few seconds to start up the process...
|
|
argType.script: Number of args: 4
|
|
argType.script: number
|
|
argType.script: number
|
|
argType.script: string
|
|
argType.script: string
|
|
|
|
Chaining Commands
|
|
-----------------
|
|
You can run multiple Terminal commands at once by separating each command
|
|
with a semicolon (;).
|
|
|
|
Example::
|
|
|
|
$ run foo.script; tail foo.script
|