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Untriex Programming
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# Adafruit MicroPython Tool - Command Line Interface
# Author: Tony DiCola
# Copyright (c) 2016 Adafruit Industries
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
from __future__ import print_function
import os
import platform
import posixpath
import re
import serial.serialutil
import click
import dotenv
# Load AMPY_PORT et al from .ampy file
# Performed here because we need to beat click's decorators.
config = dotenv.find_dotenv(filename=".ampy", usecwd=True)
if config:
dotenv.load_dotenv(dotenv_path=config)
import ampy.files as files
import ampy.pyboard as pyboard
_board = None
def windows_full_port_name(portname):
# Helper function to generate proper Windows COM port paths. Apparently
# Windows requires COM ports above 9 to have a special path, where ports below
# 9 are just referred to by COM1, COM2, etc. (wacky!) See this post for
# more info and where this code came from:
# http://eli.thegreenplace.net/2009/07/31/listing-all-serial-ports-on-windows-with-python/
m = re.match("^COM(\d+)$", portname)
if m and int(m.group(1)) < 10:
return portname
else:
return "\\\\.\\{0}".format(portname)
@click.group()
@click.option(
"--port",
"-p",
envvar="AMPY_PORT",
required=True,
type=click.STRING,
help="Name of serial port for connected board. Can optionally specify with AMPY_PORT environment variable.",
metavar="PORT",
)
@click.option(
"--baud",
"-b",
envvar="AMPY_BAUD",
default=115200,
type=click.INT,
help="Baud rate for the serial connection (default 115200). Can optionally specify with AMPY_BAUD environment variable.",
metavar="BAUD",
)
@click.option(
"--delay",
"-d",
envvar="AMPY_DELAY",
default=0,
type=click.FLOAT,
help="Delay in seconds before entering RAW MODE (default 0). Can optionally specify with AMPY_DELAY environment variable.",
metavar="DELAY",
)
@click.version_option()
def cli(port, baud, delay):
"""ampy - Adafruit MicroPython Tool
Ampy is a tool to control MicroPython boards over a serial connection. Using
ampy you can manipulate files on the board's internal filesystem and even run
scripts.
"""
global _board
# On Windows fix the COM port path name for ports above 9 (see comment in
# windows_full_port_name function).
if platform.system() == "Windows":
port = windows_full_port_name(port)
_board = pyboard.Pyboard(port, baudrate=baud, rawdelay=delay)
@cli.command()
@click.argument("remote_file")
@click.argument("local_file", type=click.File("wb"), required=False)
def get(remote_file, local_file):
"""
Retrieve a file from the board.
Get will download a file from the board and print its contents or save it
locally. You must pass at least one argument which is the path to the file
to download from the board. If you don't specify a second argument then
the file contents will be printed to standard output. However if you pass
a file name as the second argument then the contents of the downloaded file
will be saved to that file (overwriting anything inside it!).
For example to retrieve the boot.py and print it out run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port get boot.py
Or to get main.py and save it as main.py locally run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port get main.py main.py
"""
# Get the file contents.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
contents = board_files.get(remote_file)
# Print the file out if no local file was provided, otherwise save it.
if local_file is None:
print(contents.decode("utf-8"))
else:
local_file.write(contents)
@cli.command()
@click.option(
"--exists-okay", is_flag=True, help="Ignore if the directory already exists."
)
@click.argument("directory")
def mkdir(directory, exists_okay):
"""
Create a directory on the board.
Mkdir will create the specified directory on the board. One argument is
required, the full path of the directory to create.
Note that you cannot recursively create a hierarchy of directories with one
mkdir command, instead you must create each parent directory with separate
mkdir command calls.
For example to make a directory under the root called 'code':
ampy --port /board/serial/port mkdir /code
"""
# Run the mkdir command.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
board_files.mkdir(directory, exists_okay=exists_okay)
@cli.command()
@click.argument("directory", default="/")
@click.option(
"--long_format",
"-l",
is_flag=True,
help="Print long format info including size of files. Note the size of directories is not supported and will show 0 values.",
)
@click.option(
"--recursive",
"-r",
is_flag=True,
help="recursively list all files and (empty) directories.",
)
def ls(directory, long_format, recursive):
"""List contents of a directory on the board.
Can pass an optional argument which is the path to the directory. The
default is to list the contents of the root, /, path.
For example to list the contents of the root run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port ls
Or to list the contents of the /foo/bar directory on the board run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port ls /foo/bar
Add the -l or --long_format flag to print the size of files (however note
MicroPython does not calculate the size of folders and will show 0 bytes):
ampy --port /board/serial/port ls -l /foo/bar
"""
# List each file/directory on a separate line.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
for f in board_files.ls(directory, long_format=long_format, recursive=recursive):
print(f)
@cli.command()
@click.argument("local", type=click.Path(exists=True))
@click.argument("remote", required=False)
def put(local, remote):
"""Put a file or folder and its contents on the board.
Put will upload a local file or folder to the board. If the file already
exists on the board it will be overwritten with no warning! You must pass
at least one argument which is the path to the local file/folder to
upload. If the item to upload is a folder then it will be copied to the
board recursively with its entire child structure. You can pass a second
optional argument which is the path and name of the file/folder to put to
on the connected board.
For example to upload a main.py from the current directory to the board's
root run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port put main.py
Or to upload a board_boot.py from a ./foo subdirectory and save it as boot.py
in the board's root run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port put ./foo/board_boot.py boot.py
To upload a local folder adafruit_library and all of its child files/folders
as an item under the board's root run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port put adafruit_library
Or to put a local folder adafruit_library on the board under the path
/lib/adafruit_library on the board run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port put adafruit_library /lib/adafruit_library
"""
# Use the local filename if no remote filename is provided.
if remote is None:
remote = os.path.basename(os.path.abspath(local))
# Check if path is a folder and do recursive copy of everything inside it.
# Otherwise it's a file and should simply be copied over.
if os.path.isdir(local):
# Directory copy, create the directory and walk all children to copy
# over the files.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
for parent, child_dirs, child_files in os.walk(local):
# Create board filesystem absolute path to parent directory.
remote_parent = posixpath.normpath(
posixpath.join(remote, os.path.relpath(parent, local))
)
try:
# Create remote parent directory.
board_files.mkdir(remote_parent)
# Loop through all the files and put them on the board too.
for filename in child_files:
with open(os.path.join(parent, filename), "rb") as infile:
remote_filename = posixpath.join(remote_parent, filename)
board_files.put(remote_filename, infile.read())
except files.DirectoryExistsError:
# Ignore errors for directories that already exist.
pass
else:
# File copy, open the file and copy its contents to the board.
# Put the file on the board.
with open(local, "rb") as infile:
board_files = files.Files(_board)
board_files.put(remote, infile.read())
@cli.command()
@click.argument("remote_file")
def rm(remote_file):
"""Remove a file from the board.
Remove the specified file from the board's filesystem. Must specify one
argument which is the path to the file to delete. Note that this can't
delete directories which have files inside them, but can delete empty
directories.
For example to delete main.py from the root of a board run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port rm main.py
"""
# Delete the provided file/directory on the board.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
board_files.rm(remote_file)
@cli.command()
@click.option(
"--missing-okay", is_flag=True, help="Ignore if the directory does not exist."
)
@click.argument("remote_folder")
def rmdir(remote_folder, missing_okay):
"""Forcefully remove a folder and all its children from the board.
Remove the specified folder from the board's filesystem. Must specify one
argument which is the path to the folder to delete. This will delete the
directory and ALL of its children recursively, use with caution!
For example to delete everything under /adafruit_library from the root of a
board run:
ampy --port /board/serial/port rmdir adafruit_library
"""
# Delete the provided file/directory on the board.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
board_files.rmdir(remote_folder, missing_okay=missing_okay)
@cli.command()
@click.argument("local_file")
@click.option(
"--no-output",
"-n",
is_flag=True,
help="Run the code without waiting for it to finish and print output. Use this when running code with main loops that never return.",
)
def run(local_file, no_output):
"""Run a script and print its output.
Run will send the specified file to the board and execute it immediately.
Any output from the board will be printed to the console (note that this is
not a 'shell' and you can't send input to the program).
Note that if your code has a main or infinite loop you should add the --no-output
option. This will run the script and immediately exit without waiting for
the script to finish and print output.
For example to run a test.py script and print any output after it finishes:
ampy --port /board/serial/port run test.py
Or to run test.py and not wait for it to finish:
ampy --port /board/serial/port run --no-output test.py
"""
# Run the provided file and print its output.
board_files = files.Files(_board)
try:
output = board_files.run(local_file, not no_output)
if output is not None:
print(output.decode("utf-8"), end="")
except IOError:
click.echo(
"Failed to find or read input file: {0}".format(local_file), err=True
)
@cli.command()
@click.option(
"--bootloader", "mode", flag_value="BOOTLOADER", help="Reboot into the bootloader"
)
@click.option(
"--hard",
"mode",
flag_value="NORMAL",
help="Perform a hard reboot, including running init.py",
)
@click.option(
"--repl",
"mode",
flag_value="SOFT",
default=True,
help="Perform a soft reboot, entering the REPL [default]",
)
@click.option(
"--safe",
"mode",
flag_value="SAFE_MODE",
help="Perform a safe-mode reboot. User code will not be run and the filesystem will be writeable over USB",
)
def reset(mode):
"""Perform soft reset/reboot of the board.
Will connect to the board and perform a reset. Depending on the board
and firmware, several different types of reset may be supported.
ampy --port /board/serial/port reset
"""
_board.enter_raw_repl()
if mode == "SOFT":
_board.exit_raw_repl()
return
_board.exec_(
"""if 1:
def on_next_reset(x):
try:
import microcontroller
except:
if x == 'NORMAL': return ''
return 'Reset mode only supported on CircuitPython'
try:
microcontroller.on_next_reset(getattr(microcontroller.RunMode, x))
except ValueError as e:
return str(e)
return ''
def reset():
try:
import microcontroller
except:
import machine as microcontroller
microcontroller.reset()
"""
)
r = _board.eval("on_next_reset({})".format(repr(mode)))
print("here we are", repr(r))
if r:
click.echo(r, err=True)
return
try:
_board.exec_("reset()")
except serial.serialutil.SerialException as e:
# An error is expected to occur, as the board should disconnect from
# serial when restarted via microcontroller.reset()
pass
if __name__ == "__main__":
try:
cli()
finally:
# Try to ensure the board serial connection is always gracefully closed.
if _board is not None:
try:
_board.close()
except:
# Swallow errors when attempting to close as it's just a best effort
# and shouldn't cause a new error or problem if the connection can't
# be closed.
pass

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# Adafruit MicroPython Tool - File Operations
# Author: Tony DiCola
# Copyright (c) 2016 Adafruit Industries
#
# Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
# of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
# in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
# to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
# copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
# furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
#
# The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
# copies or substantial portions of the Software.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
# IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
# AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
# LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
# OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
# SOFTWARE.
import ast
import textwrap
from ampy.pyboard import PyboardError
BUFFER_SIZE = 32 # Amount of data to read or write to the serial port at a time.
# This is kept small because small chips and USB to serial
# bridges usually have very small buffers.
class DirectoryExistsError(Exception):
pass
class Files(object):
"""Class to interact with a MicroPython board files over a serial connection.
Provides functions for listing, uploading, and downloading files from the
board's filesystem.
"""
def __init__(self, pyboard):
"""Initialize the MicroPython board files class using the provided pyboard
instance. In most cases you should create a Pyboard instance (from
pyboard.py) which connects to a board over a serial connection and pass
it in, but you can pass in other objects for testing, etc.
"""
self._pyboard = pyboard
def get(self, filename):
"""Retrieve the contents of the specified file and return its contents
as a byte string.
"""
# Open the file and read it a few bytes at a time and print out the
# raw bytes. Be careful not to overload the UART buffer so only write
# a few bytes at a time, and don't use print since it adds newlines and
# expects string data.
command = """
import sys
with open('{0}', 'rb') as infile:
while True:
result = infile.read({1})
if result == b'':
break
len = sys.stdout.write(result)
""".format(
filename, BUFFER_SIZE
)
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
try:
out = self._pyboard.exec_(textwrap.dedent(command))
except PyboardError as ex:
# Check if this is an OSError #2, i.e. file doesn't exist and
# rethrow it as something more descriptive.
if ex.args[2].decode("utf-8").find("OSError: [Errno 2] ENOENT") != -1:
raise RuntimeError("No such file: {0}".format(filename))
else:
raise ex
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
return out
def ls(self, directory="/", long_format=True, recursive=False):
"""List the contents of the specified directory (or root if none is
specified). Returns a list of strings with the names of files in the
specified directory. If long_format is True then a list of 2-tuples
with the name and size (in bytes) of the item is returned. Note that
it appears the size of directories is not supported by MicroPython and
will always return 0 (i.e. no recursive size computation).
"""
# Disabling for now, see https://github.com/adafruit/ampy/issues/55.
# # Make sure directory ends in a slash.
# if not directory.endswith("/"):
# directory += "/"
# Make sure directory starts with slash, for consistency.
if not directory.startswith("/"):
directory = "/" + directory
command = """\
try:
import os
except ImportError:
import uos as os\n"""
if recursive:
command += """\
def listdir(directory):
result = set()
def _listdir(dir_or_file):
try:
# if its a directory, then it should provide some children.
children = os.listdir(dir_or_file)
except OSError:
# probably a file. run stat() to confirm.
os.stat(dir_or_file)
result.add(dir_or_file)
else:
# probably a directory, add to result if empty.
if children:
# queue the children to be dealt with in next iteration.
for child in children:
# create the full path.
if dir_or_file == '/':
next = dir_or_file + child
else:
next = dir_or_file + '/' + child
_listdir(next)
else:
result.add(dir_or_file)
_listdir(directory)
return sorted(result)\n"""
else:
command += """\
def listdir(directory):
if directory == '/':
return sorted([directory + f for f in os.listdir(directory)])
else:
return sorted([directory + '/' + f for f in os.listdir(directory)])\n"""
# Execute os.listdir() command on the board.
if long_format:
command += """
r = []
for f in listdir('{0}'):
size = os.stat(f)[6]
r.append('{{0}} - {{1}} bytes'.format(f, size))
print(r)
""".format(
directory
)
else:
command += """
print(listdir('{0}'))
""".format(
directory
)
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
try:
out = self._pyboard.exec_(textwrap.dedent(command))
except PyboardError as ex:
# Check if this is an OSError #2, i.e. directory doesn't exist and
# rethrow it as something more descriptive.
if ex.args[2].decode("utf-8").find("OSError: [Errno 2] ENOENT") != -1:
raise RuntimeError("No such directory: {0}".format(directory))
else:
raise ex
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
# Parse the result list and return it.
return ast.literal_eval(out.decode("utf-8"))
def mkdir(self, directory, exists_okay=False):
"""Create the specified directory. Note this cannot create a recursive
hierarchy of directories, instead each one should be created separately.
"""
# Execute os.mkdir command on the board.
command = """
try:
import os
except ImportError:
import uos as os
os.mkdir('{0}')
""".format(
directory
)
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
try:
out = self._pyboard.exec_(textwrap.dedent(command))
except PyboardError as ex:
# Check if this is an OSError #17, i.e. directory already exists.
if ex.args[2].decode("utf-8").find("OSError: [Errno 17] EEXIST") != -1:
if not exists_okay:
raise DirectoryExistsError(
"Directory already exists: {0}".format(directory)
)
else:
raise ex
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
def put(self, filename, data):
"""Create or update the specified file with the provided data.
"""
# Open the file for writing on the board and write chunks of data.
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
self._pyboard.exec_("f = open('{0}', 'wb')".format(filename))
size = len(data)
# Loop through and write a buffer size chunk of data at a time.
for i in range(0, size, BUFFER_SIZE):
chunk_size = min(BUFFER_SIZE, size - i)
chunk = repr(data[i : i + chunk_size])
# Make sure to send explicit byte strings (handles python 2 compatibility).
if not chunk.startswith("b"):
chunk = "b" + chunk
self._pyboard.exec_("f.write({0})".format(chunk))
self._pyboard.exec_("f.close()")
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
def rm(self, filename):
"""Remove the specified file or directory."""
command = """
try:
import os
except ImportError:
import uos as os
os.remove('{0}')
""".format(
filename
)
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
try:
out = self._pyboard.exec_(textwrap.dedent(command))
except PyboardError as ex:
message = ex.args[2].decode("utf-8")
# Check if this is an OSError #2, i.e. file/directory doesn't exist
# and rethrow it as something more descriptive.
if message.find("OSError: [Errno 2] ENOENT") != -1:
raise RuntimeError("No such file/directory: {0}".format(filename))
# Check for OSError #13, the directory isn't empty.
if message.find("OSError: [Errno 13] EACCES") != -1:
raise RuntimeError("Directory is not empty: {0}".format(filename))
else:
raise ex
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
def rmdir(self, directory, missing_okay=False):
"""Forcefully remove the specified directory and all its children."""
# Build a script to walk an entire directory structure and delete every
# file and subfolder. This is tricky because MicroPython has no os.walk
# or similar function to walk folders, so this code does it manually
# with recursion and changing directories. For each directory it lists
# the files and deletes everything it can, i.e. all the files. Then
# it lists the files again and assumes they are directories (since they
# couldn't be deleted in the first pass) and recursively clears those
# subdirectories. Finally when finished clearing all the children the
# parent directory is deleted.
command = """
try:
import os
except ImportError:
import uos as os
def rmdir(directory):
os.chdir(directory)
for f in os.listdir():
try:
os.remove(f)
except OSError:
pass
for f in os.listdir():
rmdir(f)
os.chdir('..')
os.rmdir(directory)
rmdir('{0}')
""".format(
directory
)
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
try:
out = self._pyboard.exec_(textwrap.dedent(command))
except PyboardError as ex:
message = ex.args[2].decode("utf-8")
# Check if this is an OSError #2, i.e. directory doesn't exist
# and rethrow it as something more descriptive.
if message.find("OSError: [Errno 2] ENOENT") != -1:
if not missing_okay:
raise RuntimeError("No such directory: {0}".format(directory))
else:
raise ex
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
def run(self, filename, wait_output=True):
"""Run the provided script and return its output. If wait_output is True
(default) then wait for the script to finish and then print its output,
otherwise just run the script and don't wait for any output.
"""
self._pyboard.enter_raw_repl()
out = None
if wait_output:
# Run the file and wait for output to return.
out = self._pyboard.execfile(filename)
else:
# Read the file and run it using lower level pyboard functions that
# won't wait for it to finish or return output.
with open(filename, "rb") as infile:
self._pyboard.exec_raw_no_follow(infile.read())
self._pyboard.exit_raw_repl()
return out

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#!/usr/bin/env python
"""
pyboard interface
This module provides the Pyboard class, used to communicate with and
control the pyboard over a serial USB connection.
Example usage:
import pyboard
pyb = pyboard.Pyboard('/dev/ttyACM0')
Or:
pyb = pyboard.Pyboard('192.168.1.1')
Then:
pyb.enter_raw_repl()
pyb.exec('pyb.LED(1).on()')
pyb.exit_raw_repl()
Note: if using Python2 then pyb.exec must be written as pyb.exec_.
To run a script from the local machine on the board and print out the results:
import pyboard
pyboard.execfile('test.py', device='/dev/ttyACM0')
This script can also be run directly. To execute a local script, use:
./pyboard.py test.py
Or:
python pyboard.py test.py
"""
import sys
import time
_rawdelay = None
try:
stdout = sys.stdout.buffer
except AttributeError:
# Python2 doesn't have buffer attr
stdout = sys.stdout
def stdout_write_bytes(b):
b = b.replace(b"\x04", b"")
stdout.write(b)
stdout.flush()
class PyboardError(BaseException):
pass
class TelnetToSerial:
def __init__(self, ip, user, password, read_timeout=None):
import telnetlib
self.tn = telnetlib.Telnet(ip, timeout=15)
self.read_timeout = read_timeout
if b'Login as:' in self.tn.read_until(b'Login as:', timeout=read_timeout):
self.tn.write(bytes(user, 'ascii') + b"\r\n")
if b'Password:' in self.tn.read_until(b'Password:', timeout=read_timeout):
# needed because of internal implementation details of the telnet server
time.sleep(0.2)
self.tn.write(bytes(password, 'ascii') + b"\r\n")
if b'for more information.' in self.tn.read_until(b'Type "help()" for more information.', timeout=read_timeout):
# login succesful
from collections import deque
self.fifo = deque()
return
raise PyboardError('Failed to establish a telnet connection with the board')
def __del__(self):
self.close()
def close(self):
try:
self.tn.close()
except:
# the telnet object might not exist yet, so ignore this one
pass
def read(self, size=1):
while len(self.fifo) < size:
timeout_count = 0
data = self.tn.read_eager()
if len(data):
self.fifo.extend(data)
timeout_count = 0
else:
time.sleep(0.25)
if self.read_timeout is not None and timeout_count > 4 * self.read_timeout:
break
timeout_count += 1
data = b''
while len(data) < size and len(self.fifo) > 0:
data += bytes([self.fifo.popleft()])
return data
def write(self, data):
self.tn.write(data)
return len(data)
def inWaiting(self):
n_waiting = len(self.fifo)
if not n_waiting:
data = self.tn.read_eager()
self.fifo.extend(data)
return len(data)
else:
return n_waiting
class Pyboard:
def __init__(self, device, baudrate=115200, user='micro', password='python', wait=0, rawdelay=0):
global _rawdelay
_rawdelay = rawdelay
if device and device[0].isdigit() and device[-1].isdigit() and device.count('.') == 3:
# device looks like an IP address
self.serial = TelnetToSerial(device, user, password, read_timeout=10)
else:
import serial
delayed = False
for attempt in range(wait + 1):
try:
self.serial = serial.Serial(device, baudrate=baudrate, interCharTimeout=1)
break
except (OSError, IOError): # Py2 and Py3 have different errors
if wait == 0:
continue
if attempt == 0:
sys.stdout.write('Waiting {} seconds for pyboard '.format(wait))
delayed = True
time.sleep(1)
sys.stdout.write('.')
sys.stdout.flush()
else:
if delayed:
print('')
raise PyboardError('failed to access ' + device)
if delayed:
print('')
def close(self):
self.serial.close()
def read_until(self, min_num_bytes, ending, timeout=10, data_consumer=None):
data = self.serial.read(min_num_bytes)
if data_consumer:
data_consumer(data)
timeout_count = 0
while True:
if data.endswith(ending):
break
elif self.serial.inWaiting() > 0:
new_data = self.serial.read(1)
data = data + new_data
if data_consumer:
data_consumer(new_data)
timeout_count = 0
else:
timeout_count += 1
if timeout is not None and timeout_count >= 100 * timeout:
break
time.sleep(0.01)
return data
def enter_raw_repl(self):
# Brief delay before sending RAW MODE char if requests
if _rawdelay > 0:
time.sleep(_rawdelay)
self.serial.write(b'\r\x03\x03') # ctrl-C twice: interrupt any running program
# flush input (without relying on serial.flushInput())
n = self.serial.inWaiting()
while n > 0:
self.serial.read(n)
n = self.serial.inWaiting()
self.serial.write(b'\r\x01') # ctrl-A: enter raw REPL
data = self.read_until(1, b'raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit\r\n>')
if not data.endswith(b'raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit\r\n>'):
print(data)
raise PyboardError('could not enter raw repl')
self.serial.write(b'\x04') # ctrl-D: soft reset
data = self.read_until(1, b'soft reboot\r\n')
if not data.endswith(b'soft reboot\r\n'):
print(data)
raise PyboardError('could not enter raw repl')
# By splitting this into 2 reads, it allows boot.py to print stuff,
# which will show up after the soft reboot and before the raw REPL.
# Modification from original pyboard.py below:
# Add a small delay and send Ctrl-C twice after soft reboot to ensure
# any main program loop in main.py is interrupted.
time.sleep(0.5)
self.serial.write(b'\x03')
time.sleep(0.1) # (slight delay before second interrupt
self.serial.write(b'\x03')
# End modification above.
data = self.read_until(1, b'raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit\r\n')
if not data.endswith(b'raw REPL; CTRL-B to exit\r\n'):
print(data)
raise PyboardError('could not enter raw repl')
def exit_raw_repl(self):
self.serial.write(b'\r\x02') # ctrl-B: enter friendly REPL
def follow(self, timeout, data_consumer=None):
# wait for normal output
data = self.read_until(1, b'\x04', timeout=timeout, data_consumer=data_consumer)
if not data.endswith(b'\x04'):
raise PyboardError('timeout waiting for first EOF reception')
data = data[:-1]
# wait for error output
data_err = self.read_until(1, b'\x04', timeout=timeout)
if not data_err.endswith(b'\x04'):
raise PyboardError('timeout waiting for second EOF reception')
data_err = data_err[:-1]
# return normal and error output
return data, data_err
def exec_raw_no_follow(self, command):
if isinstance(command, bytes):
command_bytes = command
else:
command_bytes = bytes(command, encoding='utf8')
# check we have a prompt
data = self.read_until(1, b'>')
if not data.endswith(b'>'):
raise PyboardError('could not enter raw repl')
# write command
for i in range(0, len(command_bytes), 256):
self.serial.write(command_bytes[i:min(i + 256, len(command_bytes))])
time.sleep(0.01)
self.serial.write(b'\x04')
# check if we could exec command
data = self.serial.read(2)
if data != b'OK':
raise PyboardError('could not exec command')
def exec_raw(self, command, timeout=10, data_consumer=None):
self.exec_raw_no_follow(command);
return self.follow(timeout, data_consumer)
def eval(self, expression):
ret = self.exec_('print({})'.format(expression))
ret = ret.strip()
return ret
def exec_(self, command):
ret, ret_err = self.exec_raw(command)
if ret_err:
raise PyboardError('exception', ret, ret_err)
return ret
def execfile(self, filename):
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
pyfile = f.read()
return self.exec_(pyfile)
def get_time(self):
t = str(self.eval('pyb.RTC().datetime()'), encoding='utf8')[1:-1].split(', ')
return int(t[4]) * 3600 + int(t[5]) * 60 + int(t[6])
# in Python2 exec is a keyword so one must use "exec_"
# but for Python3 we want to provide the nicer version "exec"
setattr(Pyboard, "exec", Pyboard.exec_)
def execfile(filename, device='/dev/ttyACM0', baudrate=115200, user='micro', password='python'):
pyb = Pyboard(device, baudrate, user, password)
pyb.enter_raw_repl()
output = pyb.execfile(filename)
stdout_write_bytes(output)
pyb.exit_raw_repl()
pyb.close()
def main():
import argparse
cmd_parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Run scripts on the pyboard.')
cmd_parser.add_argument('--device', default='/dev/ttyACM0', help='the serial device or the IP address of the pyboard')
cmd_parser.add_argument('-b', '--baudrate', default=115200, help='the baud rate of the serial device')
cmd_parser.add_argument('-u', '--user', default='micro', help='the telnet login username')
cmd_parser.add_argument('-p', '--password', default='python', help='the telnet login password')
cmd_parser.add_argument('-c', '--command', help='program passed in as string')
cmd_parser.add_argument('-w', '--wait', default=0, type=int, help='seconds to wait for USB connected board to become available')
cmd_parser.add_argument('--follow', action='store_true', help='follow the output after running the scripts [default if no scripts given]')
cmd_parser.add_argument('files', nargs='*', help='input files')
args = cmd_parser.parse_args()
def execbuffer(buf):
try:
pyb = Pyboard(args.device, args.baudrate, args.user, args.password, args.wait)
pyb.enter_raw_repl()
ret, ret_err = pyb.exec_raw(buf, timeout=None, data_consumer=stdout_write_bytes)
pyb.exit_raw_repl()
pyb.close()
except PyboardError as er:
print(er)
sys.exit(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit(1)
if ret_err:
stdout_write_bytes(ret_err)
sys.exit(1)
if args.command is not None:
execbuffer(args.command.encode('utf-8'))
for filename in args.files:
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
pyfile = f.read()
execbuffer(pyfile)
if args.follow or (args.command is None and len(args.files) == 0):
try:
pyb = Pyboard(args.device, args.baudrate, args.user, args.password, args.wait)
ret, ret_err = pyb.follow(timeout=None, data_consumer=stdout_write_bytes)
pyb.close()
except PyboardError as er:
print(er)
sys.exit(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
sys.exit(1)
if ret_err:
stdout_write_bytes(ret_err)
sys.exit(1)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()